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Review of Use Prevalence, Susceptibility, Advertisement Exposure, and Access to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems among Minorities and Low-Income Populations in the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Susana Addo Ntim

    (Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA)

  • Bria Martin

    (Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA)

  • Yasmin Termeh-Zonoozi

    (Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA)

Abstract

Increased use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and improper disposal after use pose a public health and an environmental justice (EJ) concern if use prevalence is disproportionately high among minorities and people of low socioeconomic status (SES) (broadly termed “EJ populations” for the purposes of this review). This review synthesizes literature on demographic patterns of use prevalence, susceptibility, advertisement exposure, and access to ENDS, and extrapolates environmental tobacco exposure (ETE) from ENDS among EJ populations. Seven electronic databases were searched using ENDS-related terms. We included studies published between 2017 and May 2020 that described ENDS use prevalence, susceptibility to ENDS use, advertisement exposure, and access to ENDS by race, ethnicity, or SES. Data synthesis was based on the assumptions that ETE increases with high use prevalence, susceptibility may influence future use, and advertisement exposure and access may impact demographic differences in use. We identified 32 studies describing use prevalence, susceptibility, advertisement exposure, or access to vape shops and other tobacco retail outlets by race/ethnicity or SES. We found higher prevalence of ENDS use among non-Hispanic Whites and inconclusive use patterns by SES. Patterns of susceptibility to use, advertisement exposure, and access were also mixed, with slightly higher outcomes observed among low SES youth. However, the evidence base on advertisement exposure was limited, with limited generalizability. Our findings indicate low prevalence of ENDS use among EJ populations. While this suggests low potential ETE among these groups, mixed outcomes on susceptibility, advertisement exposure, and access to ENDS among low SES groups may affect future ENDS use and ETE. Educational campaigns that discourage ENDS uptake should target EJ youth. Initiatives aimed at managing vape shop presence in EJ communities and monitoring targeted advertisement are also needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Susana Addo Ntim & Bria Martin & Yasmin Termeh-Zonoozi, 2022. "Review of Use Prevalence, Susceptibility, Advertisement Exposure, and Access to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems among Minorities and Low-Income Populations in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13585-:d:947774
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David T. Levy & Zhe Yuan & Yameng Li, 2017. "The Prevalence and Characteristics of E-Cigarette Users in the U.S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Joseph Savdie & Nuno Canha & Nicole Buitrago & Susana Marta Almeida, 2020. "Passive Exposure to Pollutants from a New Generation of Cigarettes in Real Life Scenarios," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-19, May.
    3. David C. Wheeler & Elizabeth K. Do & Rashelle B. Hayes & Kendall Fugate-Laus & Westley L. Fallavollita & Colleen Hughes & Bernard F. Fuemmeler, 2020. "Neighborhood Disadvantage and Tobacco Retail Outlet and Vape Shop Outlet Rates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-12, April.
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