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Longitudinal Study of the Mental Health, Resilience, and Post-Traumatic Stress of Senior Nursing Students to Nursing Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

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  • Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca

    (Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Beatriz Fernández-Fernández

    (Hospital General Nuestra Sra. Del Prado, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Av. Extremadura KM 114, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres

    (Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa

    (Facultad de Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n., 16071 Cuenca, Spain)

  • José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera

    (Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Benjamín Romero-Gómez

    (Hospital El Tomillar de Sevilla, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), 41500 Alcalá de Guadaira, Spain)

  • Sergio Rodríguez-Cañamero

    (Clínica Hemodiálisis Avericum Toledo, Calle Alemania 141, 45005 Toledo, Spain)

  • Esperanza Barroso-Corroto

    (Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

  • Esmeralda Santacruz-Salas

    (Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain)

Abstract

This study analyzed changes in the psychological health of students who were in the final year of their nursing degree during the COVID-19 pandemic and later served as nursing professionals in hospitals. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted over two periods of time (the first in April 2020 and the second 6 months later, in December 2020) with 296 students for a T0 baseline (rate response 68.83%) and 92 students for a T1 post-test sample (response rate 31.08%). The data were electronically collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale, and a post-traumatic stress questionnaire. The mean age of the sample participants was 24.17 years (SD = 5.51), and 89.11% were female. During the pandemic, 14.11% of students showed scores that indicated depression, and 32.61% showed scores that indicated anxiety. In December 2020, 86.5% of the participants were working as nurses, and the percentages of those with anxiety (12%) and depression (4.3%) were significantly lower than in the first sample period. A total of 20.7% of the participants had post-traumatic stress. High scores for resilience were significantly associated with better quality of life and lower levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress. Conclusions: Although the percentages of participants with anxiety and depression decreased, they still presented with mental health problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca & Beatriz Fernández-Fernández & Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres & Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa & José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera & Benjamín Romero-Gómez & Sergio Rodríguez-Cañamero & Esp, 2022. "Longitudinal Study of the Mental Health, Resilience, and Post-Traumatic Stress of Senior Nursing Students to Nursing Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13100-:d:939788
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cuiyan Wang & Riyu Pan & Xiaoyang Wan & Yilin Tan & Linkang Xu & Cyrus S. Ho & Roger C. Ho, 2020. "Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-25, March.
    2. Cristina Romero-Blanco & Julián Rodríguez-Almagro & María Dolores Onieva-Zafra & María Laura Parra-Fernández & María del Carmen Prado-Laguna & Antonio Hernández-Martínez, 2020. "Sleep Pattern Changes in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Lourdes Luceño-Moreno & Beatriz Talavera-Velasco & Yolanda García-Albuerne & Jesús Martín-García, 2020. "Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Levels of Resilience and Burnout in Spanish Health Personnel during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-29, July.
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