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Adding Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness to the Framingham Risk Score and Mortality Risk in a Korean Population-Based Cohort Study

Author

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  • Inhwan Lee

    (College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea)

  • Jeonghyeon Kim

    (College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea)

  • Hyunsik Kang

    (College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea)

Abstract

Background: The added value of non-exercise-based estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors for mortality risk has not been examined in Korean populations. Methods: This population-based prospective cohort study examined the relationship of the 10-year Framingham risk score (FRS) for CVD risk and eCRF with all-cause and CVD mortality in a representative sample of Korean adults aged 30 years and older. Data regarding a total of 38,350 participants (16,505 men/21,845 women) were obtained from the 2007–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). All-cause and CVD mortality were the main outcomes. The 10-year FRS point sum and eCRF level were the main exposures. Results: All-cause and CVD mortality was positively correlated with the 10-year FRS point summation and inversely correlated with eCRF level in this study population. The protective of high eCRF against all-cause and CVD mortality was more prominent in the middle and high FRS category than in the low FRS category. Notably, the FRS plus eCRF model has better predictor power for estimating mortality risk compared to the FRS only model. Conclusions: The current findings indicate that eCRF can be used as an alternative to objectively measured CRF for mortality risk prediction.

Suggested Citation

  • Inhwan Lee & Jeonghyeon Kim & Hyunsik Kang, 2022. "Adding Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness to the Framingham Risk Score and Mortality Risk in a Korean Population-Based Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:1:p:510-:d:716880
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seccareccia, F. & Pannozzo, F. & Dima, F. & Minoprio, A. & Menditto, A. & Noce, C.L. & Giampaoli, S., 2001. "Heart rate as a predictor of mortality: The MATISS project," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(8), pages 1258-1263.
    2. Tsai-Chung Li & Chia-Ing Li & Chiu-Shong Liu & Wen-Yuan Lin & Chih-Hsueh Lin & Shing-Yu Yang & Cheng-Chieh Lin, 2020. "Derivation and validation of 10-year all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality prediction model for middle-aged and elderly community-dwelling adults in Taiwan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Moongu Song & Inhwan Lee & Hyunsik Kang, 2019. "Cardiorespiratory Fitness without Exercise Testing Can Predict All-Cause Mortality Risk in a Representative Sample of Korean Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-11, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Robert A. Sloan, 2024. "Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Risks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-13, May.

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