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Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Risks

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  • Robert A. Sloan

    (Division of Social and Behavioral Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate Medical School, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan)

Abstract

This review focuses on the emerging evidence for the association between non-exercise fitness testing, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF), and metabolic risk factors. Given the challenges associated with directly measuring cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in large populations, eCRF presents a practical alternative for predicting metabolic health risks. A literature search identified seven relevant cohort studies from 2020 to 2024 that investigated the association of eCRF with hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity. This review consistently demonstrates an inverse relationship between higher eCRF and a lower incidence of metabolic risks, which is in line with CRF cohort studies. It highlights the importance of low eCRF as a primordial indicator for metabolic risks and underscores the potential for broader application. Future research directions should include exploring eCRF’s predictive ability across diverse populations and health outcomes and testing its real-world applicability in healthcare and public health settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert A. Sloan, 2024. "Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Risks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:5:p:635-:d:1396028
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ricardo Ortega & Gonzalo Grandes & María Teresa Agulló-Ortuño & Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino, 2023. "Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Probability of Developing Abdominal Obesity at One and Two Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Inhwan Lee & Jeonghyeon Kim & Hyunsik Kang, 2022. "Adding Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness to the Framingham Risk Score and Mortality Risk in a Korean Population-Based Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-13, January.
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