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Association between Maternal Anxiety and Children’s Problem Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Zhanmei Song

    (Institute of International Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jie Huang

    (School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Tianqi Qiao

    (School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These four authors are co-second authors who contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jingfeng Yan

    (School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These four authors are co-second authors who contributed equally to this work.)

  • Xueying Zhang

    (School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These four authors are co-second authors who contributed equally to this work.)

  • Dengcheng Lu

    (School of Education, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
    These four authors are co-second authors who contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Although numerous studies have found that maternal anxiety is a risk factor for the development of children’s problem behaviors, and there is a possible role of genes in the association between the two. And anxious mothers caring for their children can also affect the development of children’s problem behaviors. However, there is also considerable evidence from studies that refute this view. This study used a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between maternal anxiety and preschool children’s problem behaviors. Through literature retrieval and selection, in terms of the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis, 88 independent effect sizes (34 studies, 295,032 participants) were picked out as meta-analysis units. The test for heterogeneity illustrated that there was significant heterogeneity in 88 independent effect sizes, while the random effects model was an appropriate model for the subsequent meta-analysis. The publication bias test indicated that the impact of publication bias was modest but the major findings remained valid. In addition, in terms of the tentative review analysis and research hypotheses, the random effects model was used as a meta-analysis model. The research revealed that maternal anxiety was significantly positively correlated with preschool children’s internalizing problem behaviors, externalizing problem behaviors, and overall problem behaviors. The moderating effect analysis showed that region and gender of the child affected the relationship between maternal anxiety and children’s internalizing problem behaviors and externalizing problem behaviors, and region, child’s age and gender, mother’s age, and education level affected maternal anxiety and preschool children’s problems behavioral relationship. Hence, these results affirmed the role of maternal anxiety and emphasized the need to pay attention to the demographic characteristics and cultural background of the subjects during the research process and consider the generalizability of the conclusions under different circumstances.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhanmei Song & Jie Huang & Tianqi Qiao & Jingfeng Yan & Xueying Zhang & Dengcheng Lu, 2022. "Association between Maternal Anxiety and Children’s Problem Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:11106-:d:906896
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sue Duval & Richard Tweedie, 2000. "Trim and Fill: A Simple Funnel-Plot–Based Method of Testing and Adjusting for Publication Bias in Meta-Analysis," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 56(2), pages 455-463, June.
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