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Distribution, Assessment, and Source of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Qinjiang River, China

Author

Listed:
  • Shuncun Zhang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Bo Chen

    (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China)

  • Junru Du

    (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China)

  • Tao Wang

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Haixin Shi

    (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China)

  • Feng Wang

    (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 515000, China)

Abstract

Heavy metals are toxic, persistent, and non-degradable. After sedimentation and adsorption, they accumulate in water sediments. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of heavy metal pollution of Qinjiang River sediments and its effects on the ecological environment and apportioning sources. The mean total concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cr, Cu, and Pb are 3.14, 2.33, 1.39, 5.79, and 1.33 times higher than the background values, respectively. Co, Ni, and Cd concentrations are lower than the background values. Fe, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb are all primarily in the residual state, while Mn and Zn are primarily in the acid-soluble and oxidizable states, respectively. Igeo, RI , SQGs, and RAC together indicate that the pollution status and ecological risk of heavy metals in Qinjiang River sediments are generally moderate; among them, Fe, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb are not harmful to the ecological environment of the Qinjiang River. Cu is not readily released because of its higher residual composition, suggesting that Cu is less harmful to the ecological environment. Mn and Zn, as the primary pollution factors of the Qinjiang River, are harmful to the ecological environment. This heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of the Qinjiang River primarily comes from manganese and zinc ore mining. Manganese carbonate and its weathered secondary manganese oxide are frequently associated with a significant amount of residual copper and Cd, as a higher pH is suitable for the deposition and enrichment of these heavy metals. Lead–zinc ore and its weathering products form organic compounds with residual Fe, Co, Cr, and Ni, and their content is related to salinity. The risk assessment results of heavy metals in sediments provide an important theoretical basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in Qinjiang River.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuncun Zhang & Bo Chen & Junru Du & Tao Wang & Haixin Shi & Feng Wang, 2022. "Distribution, Assessment, and Source of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Qinjiang River, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9140-:d:872423
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Małgorzata Wojtkowska & Jan Bogacki, 2022. "Assessment of Trace Metals Contamination, Species Distribution and Mobility in River Sediments Using EDTA Extraction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Lars Peter Nielsen & Nils Risgaard-Petersen & Henrik Fossing & Peter Bondo Christensen & Mikio Sayama, 2010. "Electric currents couple spatially separated biogeochemical processes in marine sediment," Nature, Nature, vol. 463(7284), pages 1071-1074, February.
    3. Ning He & Lanzhou Liu & Ren Wei & Kaifeng Sun, 2021. "Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment in a Typical Mariculture Area in Western Guangdong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-13, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shuncun Zhang & Tao Wang & Hao Wang & Qiangqiang Kang & Qian Zhou & Bo Chen, 2022. "Spatial Pattern, Sources Identification, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Typical Soda Soil from Bayannur, Northwestern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Shengnan Zhu & Zengchuan Dong & Bohua Yang & Guangen Zeng & Yupeng Liu & Yuejiao Zhou & Jinyu Meng & Shujun Wu & Yiqing Shao & Junfei Yang & Xiao Guo, 2022. "Spatial Distribution, Source Identification, and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in Surface Sediments from River-Reservoir System in the Feiyun River Basin, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.

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