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Incidence and Predictors of Mortality among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Malaysia: A 5 Years Longitudinal Study

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  • Yee Xing You

    (Dietetics Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan

    (Nutritional Sciences Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh

    (Physiotherapy Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Nor Fadilah Rajab

    (Biomedical Science Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin

    (Biomedical Science Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Normah Che Din

    (Health Psychology Programme and Centre of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Ai-Vyrn Chin

    (Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Michael Fenech

    (Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin

    (Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Suzana Shahar

    (Dietetics Programme and Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

Abstract

With older adults accounting for 10.7% of the Malaysian population, determining the predictors of mortality has now become crucial. Thus, this community-based longitudinal study aimed to investigate the predictors for mortality among community-dwelling older adults using a wide range of factors, including clinical or subclinical. A total of 2322 older adults were interviewed and assessed by trained fieldworkers using validated structured questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of information on socio-demographic characteristics, health status, neuropsychological and psychosocial functions, lifestyle, dietary intake and biophysical measures. The incidence rate of mortality was 2.9 per 100 person-years. Cox regression analysis indicated that advancing age (Adjusted Hazard Ratio, Adj HR = 1.044, 95% CI: 1.024–1.064), male (Adj HR = 1.937, 95% CI: 1.402–2.675), non-married status (Adj HR = 1.410, 95% CI: 1.078–1.843), smoking (Adj HR = 1.314, 95% CI: 1.004–1.721), a higher fasting blood sugar (Adj HR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.029–1.166), a lower serum albumin (Adj HR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.905–0.990), a longer time to complete the TUG test (Adj HR = 1.059, 95% CI: 1.022–1.098), and a lower intake of total dietary fibre (Adj HR = 0.911, 95% CI: 0.873–0.980) were the predictors of mortality in this study. These findings provide an estimated rate of multiethnic mortality in middle-income countries and diet is one of the predictors. These predictors of mortality could be a reference in identifying new public health strategies to ensure longer healthier life spans with lower disability rate among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia.

Suggested Citation

  • Yee Xing You & Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan & Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh & Nor Fadilah Rajab & Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin & Normah Che Din & Ai-Vyrn Chin & Michael Fenech & Mohd Zul Amin Kamaruddin & Suzana Shaha, 2022. "Incidence and Predictors of Mortality among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Malaysia: A 5 Years Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:8943-:d:869659
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    References listed on IDEAS

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