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Physiological Role of Orexinergic System for Health

Author

Listed:
  • Ines Villano

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Marco La Marra

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Girolamo Di Maio

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Monda

    (Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Sergio Chieffi

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Ezia Guatteo

    (Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Giovanni Messina

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Fiorenzo Moscatelli

    (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Marcellino Monda

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

  • Antonietta Messina

    (Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Orexins, or hypocretins, are excitatory neuropeptides involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and the sleep and wakefulness states. Since their discovery, several lines of evidence have highlighted that orexin neurons regulate a great range of physiological functions, giving it the definition of a multitasking system. In the present review, we firstly describe the mechanisms underlining the orexin system and their interactions with the central nervous system (CNS). Then, the system’s involvement in goal-directed behaviors, sleep/wakefulness state regulation, feeding behavior and energy homeostasis, reward system, and aging and neurodegenerative diseases are described. Advanced evidence suggests that the orexin system is crucial for regulating many physiological functions and could represent a promising target for therapeutical approaches to obesity, drug addiction, and emotional stress.

Suggested Citation

  • Ines Villano & Marco La Marra & Girolamo Di Maio & Vincenzo Monda & Sergio Chieffi & Ezia Guatteo & Giovanni Messina & Fiorenzo Moscatelli & Marcellino Monda & Antonietta Messina, 2022. "Physiological Role of Orexinergic System for Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8353-:d:858498
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Clifford B. Saper & Thomas E. Scammell & Jun Lu, 2005. "Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms," Nature, Nature, vol. 437(7063), pages 1257-1263, October.
    2. Glenda C. Harris & Mathieu Wimmer & Gary Aston-Jones, 2005. "A role for lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons in reward seeking," Nature, Nature, vol. 437(7058), pages 556-559, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marco La Marra & Antonietta Messina & Ciro Rosario Ilardi & Maria Staiano & Girolamo Di Maio & Giovanni Messina & Rita Polito & Anna Valenzano & Giuseppe Cibelli & Vincenzo Monda & Sergio Chieffi & Al, 2022. "Factorial Model of Obese Adolescents: The Role of Body Image Concerns and Selective Depersonalization—A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-17, September.

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