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Knowledge Gaps and Research Priorities on the Health Effects of Heatwaves: A Systematic Review of Reviews

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  • Andrea Conti

    (CRIMEDIM—Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
    Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy)

  • Martina Valente

    (CRIMEDIM—Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
    Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy)

  • Matteo Paganini

    (CRIMEDIM—Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy)

  • Marco Farsoni

    (Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy)

  • Luca Ragazzoni

    (CRIMEDIM—Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
    Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy)

  • Francesco Barone-Adesi

    (CRIMEDIM—Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
    Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy)

Abstract

Although extreme weather events have played a constant role in human history, heatwaves (HWs) have become more frequent and intense in the past decades, causing concern especially in light of the increasing evidence on climate change. Despite the increasing number of reviews suggesting a relationship between heat and health, these reviews focus primarily on mortality, neglecting other important aspects. This systematic review of reviews gathered the available evidence from research syntheses conducted on HWs and health. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 2232 records were retrieved, and 283 reviews were ultimately included. Information was extracted from the papers and categorized by topics. Quantitative data were extracted from meta-analyses and, when not available, evidence was collected from systematic reviews. Overall, 187 reviews were non-systematic, while 96 were systematic, of which 27 performed a meta-analysis. The majority evaluated mortality, morbidity, or vulnerability, while the other topics were scarcely addressed. The following main knowledge gaps were identified: lack of a universally accepted definition of HW; scarce evidence on the HW-mental health relationship; no meta-analyses assessing the risk perception of HWs; scarcity of studies evaluating the efficacy of adaptation strategies and interventions. Future efforts should meet these priorities to provide high-quality evidence to stakeholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Conti & Martina Valente & Matteo Paganini & Marco Farsoni & Luca Ragazzoni & Francesco Barone-Adesi, 2022. "Knowledge Gaps and Research Priorities on the Health Effects of Heatwaves: A Systematic Review of Reviews," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-16, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:5887-:d:813991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Farman Ullah & Martina Valente & Ives Hubloue & Muhammad Sannan Akbar & Luca Ragazzoni & Francesco Barone-Adesi, 2024. "Determinants of adaptive behaviors during heatwaves in Pakistan: a study based on personal heatwave experiences and hypothetical scenarios," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 29(5), pages 1-19, June.
    2. Kun Hing Yong & Yen Nee Teo & Mohsen Azadbakht & Hai Phung & Cordia Chu, 2023. "The Scorching Truth: Investigating the Impact of Heatwaves on Selangor’s Elderly Hospitalisations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Matteo Paganini & Nikolaos Markou-Pappas & Francesco Della Corte & Paolo Rosi & Giulio Trillò & Marialuisa Ferramosca & Andrea Paoli & Federico Politi & Adriano Valerio & Andrea Favaro & Ives Hubloue , 2024. "Heatwaves Impact on Prehospital Emergency Medicine: A Qualitative Study to Improve Sustainability and Disaster Preparedness in Veneto Region, Northern Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-13, August.

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