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Doctors and Nurses: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors in Workplace Violence and Burnout

Author

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  • Jose Miguel Giménez Lozano

    (Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Juan Pedro Martínez Ramón

    (Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Campus of Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain)

  • Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez

    (Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

The present study aims analyze the risk factors that lead to high levels of burnout among nurses and physicians and the protective factors that prevent them. Thus, it is also intended to explore the possible correlation between physical and verbal violence produced at work and the symptoms derived from burnout. Methods: The search was carried out on the Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases between 2000 and 2019 (on which date the bibliographic search ends). Descriptive studies estimating the prevalence of workplace violence and risk and protective factors and burnout were included. An adapted version of the Downs and Black quality checklist was used for article selection. 89.6 percent of the studies analysed were in the health sector. There is a significant correlation between burnout symptoms and physical violence at work. On the one hand, the risk factors that moderate this correlation were of structural/organisational type (social support, quality of the working environment, authoritarian leadership, little autonomy or long working days, etc.) and personal type (age, gender, nationality or academic degree, etc.). On the other hand, protective factors were the quality of the working environment, mutual support networks or coping strategies. The results were analysed in-depth and intervention strategies were proposed.

Suggested Citation

  • Jose Miguel Giménez Lozano & Juan Pedro Martínez Ramón & Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez, 2021. "Doctors and Nurses: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors in Workplace Violence and Burnout," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:6:p:3280-:d:521907
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sylvie Vincent-Höper & Maie Stein & Albert Nienhaus & Anja Schablon, 2020. "Workplace Aggression and Burnout in Nursing—The Moderating Role of Follow-Up Counseling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-12, May.
    2. Andreea Iulia Socaciu & Razvan Ionut & Maria Barsan & Andreea Petra Ungur & Armand Gabriel Rajnoveanu, 2020. "Burnout in Gastroenterology Unit Nurses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-10, April.
    3. Swantje Robelski & Janika Mette & Tanja Wirth & Niklas Kiepe & Albert Nienhaus & Volker Harth & Stefanie Mache, 2020. "(Un)bounded Social Work?—Analysis of Working Conditions in Refugee and Homeless Aid in Relation to Perceived Job Stress and Job Satisfaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-20, January.
    4. Zubair Akram & Yan Li & Umair Akram, 2019. "When Employees are Emotionally Exhausted Due to Abusive Supervision. A Conservation-of-Resources Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-17, September.
    5. Mohamad Alameddine & Yara Mourad & Hani Dimassi, 2015. "A National Study on Nurses’ Exposure to Occupational Violence in Lebanon: Prevalence, Consequences and Associated Factors," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-15, September.
    6. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    7. Yudai Kobayashi & Misari Oe & Tetsuya Ishida & Michiko Matsuoka & Hiromi Chiba & Naohisa Uchimura, 2020. "Workplace Violence and Its Effects on Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress among Mental Healthcare Nurses in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-12, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liz Hamui-Sutton & Francisco Paz-Rodriguez & Alejandra Sánchez-Guzmán & Tania Vives-Varela & Teresa Corona, 2023. "Violence and Clinical Learning Environments in Medical Residencies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(18), pages 1-15, September.
    2. Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio & Giorgia Bondanini & Federica De Falco & Maria Rosaria Vinci & Vincenzo Camisa & Annapaola Santoro & Marcello De Santis & Massimiliano Raponi & Guendalina Dalmasso & Salvator, 2022. "The Management of Workplace Violence against Healthcare Workers: A Multidisciplinary Team for Total Worker Health ® Approach in a Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Nicola Magnavita & Igor Meraglia & Giacomo Viti & Martina Gasbarri, 2024. "Tracking Workplace Violence over 20 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(11), pages 1-21, October.

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