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Measuring and Assessing Fluctuating and Authentic–Durable Happiness in Italian Samples

Author

Listed:
  • Lucia Monacis

    (Department of Economics, Management and Territory, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy)

  • Pierpaolo Limone

    (Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy)

  • Michaël Dambrun

    (Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LAPSCO, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France)

  • Antonella Delle Fave

    (Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy)

  • Maria Sinatra

    (Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
    University Institute SSML “N. Mandela”, 75100 Matera, Italy)

Abstract

On the basis of the self-centeredness and selflessness model, a new instrument assessing two distinct dimensions of happiness, fluctuating and authentic–durable, was developed. The current research aimed at examining the factor structure of the Italian version of the instrument, its psychometric properties and construct validity. To this end, two studies were carried out. Study 1 (N = 544) examined different measurement models, from unidimensional to multidimensional, from a fully symmetrical bifactor solution to a bifactor (S-1) solution. Findings indicated better and adequate fit indices for the last model. Using various samples (n = 1274) Study 2 confirmed the bifactor (S-1) structure and analysed psychometric properties, convergent and divergent validity and temporal stability of the instrument. Findings generally gave evidence of the multidimensional conceptualization of the construct, good levels of reliability values and adequate convergent validity of both scales. Discriminant validity showed mixed results from no association of age with authentic–durable happiness to weak and negative association with fluctuating happiness. Test–retest reliability displayed an adequate value of correlation coefficient for the two set scores of the authentic dimension and a value below the recommended cut-off criteria for the fluctuating dimension, where significant differences in the mean scores emerged. Future studies should aim to replicate the results of this research and attempt to overcome its limitations.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucia Monacis & Pierpaolo Limone & Michaël Dambrun & Antonella Delle Fave & Maria Sinatra, 2021. "Measuring and Assessing Fluctuating and Authentic–Durable Happiness in Italian Samples," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:1602-:d:495849
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christopher Peterson & Nansook Park & Martin Seligman, 2005. "Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: the full life versus the empty life," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 25-41, March.
    2. Sonja Lyubomirsky & Heidi Lepper, 1999. "A Measure of Subjective Happiness: Preliminary Reliability and Construct Validation," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 137-155, February.
    3. Laura Giuntoli & Francesco Ceccarini & Claudio Sica & Corrado Caudek, 2017. "Validation of the Italian Versions of the Flourishing Scale and of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(1), pages 21582440166, January.
    4. Ed Diener & Derrick Wirtz & William Tov & Chu Kim-Prieto & Dong-won Choi & Shigehiro Oishi & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2010. "New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 143-156, June.
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