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Targeting Gut Microbiota to Treat Hypertension: A Systematic Review

Author

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  • Joonatan Palmu

    (Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
    Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
    Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Leo Lahti

    (Department of Computing, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland)

  • Teemu Niiranen

    (Department of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
    Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
    Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland)

Abstract

While hypertension remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the pathogenesis of essential hypertension remains only partially understood. Recently, microbial dysbiosis has been associated with multiple chronic diseases closely related to hypertension. In addition, multiple small-scale animal and human studies have provided promising results for the association between gut microbial dysbiosis and hypertension. Animal models and a small human pilot study, have demonstrated that high salt intake, a risk factor for both hypertension and cardiovascular disease, depletes certain Lactobacillus species while oral treatment of Lactobacilli prevented salt-sensitive hypertension. To date, four large cohort studies have reported modest associations between gut microbiota features and hypertension. In this systematic literature review, we examine the previously reported links between the gut microbiota and hypertension and what is known about the functional mechanisms behind this association.

Suggested Citation

  • Joonatan Palmu & Leo Lahti & Teemu Niiranen, 2021. "Targeting Gut Microbiota to Treat Hypertension: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:3:p:1248-:d:490041
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Alessandro Liberati & Douglas G Altman & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Cynthia Mulrow & Peter C Gøtzsche & John P A Ioannidis & Mike Clarke & P J Devereaux & Jos Kleijnen & David Moher, 2009. "The PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studies That Evaluate Health Care Interventions: Explanation and Elaboration," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-28, July.
    4. Rachel J. Perry & Liang Peng & Natasha A. Barry & Gary W. Cline & Dongyan Zhang & Rebecca L. Cardone & Kitt Falk Petersen & Richard G. Kibbey & Andrew L. Goodman & Gerald I. Shulman, 2016. "Acetate mediates a microbiome–brain–β-cell axis to promote metabolic syndrome," Nature, Nature, vol. 534(7606), pages 213-217, June.
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    1. Qiwen Cheng & Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown & John K. DiBaise & Juan Maldonado & M. Aaron Guest & Michael Todd & Shelby L. Langer, 2023. "Relationship Functioning and Gut Microbiota Composition among Older Adult Couples," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-17, April.

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