IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i24p12903-d696985.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Mongolia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Davaalkham Dambadarjaa

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Gan-Erdene Altankhuyag

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Unurtesteg Chandaga

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Ser-Od Khuyag

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Bilegt Batkhorol

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Nansalmaa Khaidav

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Oyunbileg Dulamsuren

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Nadmidtseren Gombodorj

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Avirmed Dorjsuren

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Pramil Singh

    (Transdisciplinary Tobacco Research Program, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA)

  • Gunchmaa Nyam

    (School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Street, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia)

  • Dashpagma Otganbayar

    (National Center for Communicable Diseases, Immunization Department, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar 13335, Mongolia)

  • Nyamsuren Tserennadmid

    (Department of Philosophy, National University of Mongolia, Baga Toiruu, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia)

Abstract

Vaccine acceptance in the general public is essential in controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The study aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the adult population of Mongolia, and determine the associated factors. A total of 2875 individuals from urban and rural areas were recruited, and completed an online survey. Older age, urban residence, previous vaccination, high education, good knowledge of side effects, and a personal view of the importance of vaccines were associated with vaccine acceptability, whereas gender and religion were not. Receiving COVID-19 vaccine information from official government pages was related to a higher acceptance rate. Reliance on social media as a source of COVID-19 vaccine information was associated with high level of vaccine hesitancy. The side effects and the type of the COVID-19 vaccine were a major reason for hesitation. Countering false information regarding COVID-19 vaccines on social media, and promoting vaccine importance on general news websites is necessary. Moreover, providing clear and direct educational materials through official communication channels on the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines alongside information on COVID-19 symptoms, vaccine side effects, and location of vaccine administration centers among the younger populations, rural residents, and those with lower education is needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Davaalkham Dambadarjaa & Gan-Erdene Altankhuyag & Unurtesteg Chandaga & Ser-Od Khuyag & Bilegt Batkhorol & Nansalmaa Khaidav & Oyunbileg Dulamsuren & Nadmidtseren Gombodorj & Avirmed Dorjsuren & Prami, 2021. "Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Mongolia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:12903-:d:696985
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/24/12903/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/24/12903/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yulan Lin & Zhijian Hu & Qinjian Zhao & Haridah Alias & Mahmoud Danaee & Li Ping Wong, 2020. "Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Marc Debus & Jale Tosun, 2021. "Political ideology and vaccination willingness: implications for policy design," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 54(3), pages 477-491, September.
    3. Edouard Mathieu & Hannah Ritchie & Esteban Ortiz-Ospina & Max Roser & Joe Hasell & Cameron Appel & Charlie Giattino & Lucas Rodés-Guirao, 2021. "A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 5(7), pages 947-953, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hein de Vries & Wouter Verputten & Christian Preissner & Gerjo Kok, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Information Sources and Beliefs in Dutch Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-17, March.
    2. Emma Sethina Adjaottor & Frimpong-Manso Addo & Florence Aninniwaa Ahorsu & Hsin-Pao Chen & Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu, 2022. "Predictors of COVID-19 Stress and COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Adolescents in Ghana," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Panagiotis Prezerakos & Katerina Dadouli & Eirini Agapidaki & Christina-Maria Kravvari & Ioanna Avakian & Athanasia-Marina Peristeri & Lemonia Anagnostopoulos & Varvara A. Mouchtouri & Konstantinos N., 2022. "Behavioral and Cultural Insights, a Nationwide Study Based on Repetitive Surveys of WHO Behavioral Insights Tool in Greece Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccine Acceptance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-22, December.
    4. McKinley, Christopher J. & Limbu, Yam, 2024. "Promoter or barrier? Assessing how social media predicts Covid-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: A systematic review of primary series and booster vaccine investigations," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    5. Abayomi Samuel Oyekale, 2022. "Factors Influencing Willingness to Be Vaccinated against COVID-19 in Nigeria," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-13, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hwang, Eunju, 2022. "Prediction intervals of the COVID-19 cases by HAR models with growth rates and vaccination rates in top eight affected countries: Bootstrap improvement," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    2. Wood, Reed M. & Juanchich, Marie & Ramirez, Mark & Zhang, Shenghao, 2023. "Promoting COVID-19 vaccine confidence through public responses to misinformation: The joint influence of message source and message content," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    3. S. D. Sreeganga & Ajay Chandra & Arkalgud Ramaprasad, 2021. "Ontological Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Roll out Strategies: A Comparison of India and the United States of America," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-18, July.
    4. Samar Abd ElHafeez & Iffat Elbarazi & Ramy Shaaban & Rony ElMakhzangy & Maged Ossama Aly & Amr Alnagar & Mohamed Yacoub & Haider M El Saeh & Nashwa Eltaweel & Sulafa T Alqutub & Ramy Mohamed Ghazy, 2021. "Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the 5C scale for assessment of COVID-19 vaccines psychological antecedents," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(8), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Schenkel, Marina, 2024. "Health emergencies, science contrarianism and populism: A scoping review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 346(C).
    6. Quan-Hoang Vuong & Tam-Tri Le & Viet-Phuong La & Huyen Thanh Thanh Nguyen & Manh-Toan Ho & Quy Khuc & Minh-Hoang Nguyen, 2022. "Covid-19 vaccines production and societal immunization under the serendipity-mindsponge-3D knowledge management theory and conceptual framework," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Tianzhen Hu & Li Li & Chuanxue Lin & Zikun Yang & Cheng Chow & Zhipeng Lu & Chen You, 2022. "An Analysis of the Willingness to the COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Shots among Urban Employees: Evidence from a Megacity H in Eastern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-14, February.
    8. Carlotta Amantea & Maria Francesca Rossi & Paolo Emilio Santoro & Flavia Beccia & Maria Rosaria Gualano & Ivan Borrelli & Joana Pinto da Costa & Alessandra Daniele & Antonio Tumminello & Stefania Bocc, 2022. "Medical Liability of the Vaccinating Doctor: Comparing Policies in European Union Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-11, June.
    9. Takeshi Yoda & Nagisa Iwasaki & Hironobu Katsuyama, 2023. "Willingness to Pay for COVID-19 Vaccines in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(22), pages 1-11, November.
    10. Christian Gillitzer & Nalini Prasad, 2023. "The Effect Of School Closures On Standardized Test Scores: Evidence From A Zero-Covid Environment," Working Papers 2023-09, University of Sydney, School of Economics.
    11. Kun Sun & Tian-Fang Zhao & Xiao-Kun Wu & Kai-Sheng Lai & Wei-Neng Chen & Jin-Sheng Zhang, 2022. "Incorporating Fuzzy Cognitive Inference for Vaccine Hesitancy Measuring," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-18, July.
    12. Ilias Chronopoulos & Katerina Chrysikou & George Kapetanios & James Mitchell & Aristeidis Raftapostolos, 2023. "Deep Neural Network Estimation in Panel Data Models," Working Papers 23-15, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    13. Jo Daniels & Hannah Rettie, 2022. "The Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Second Wave on Shielders and Their Family Members," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.
    14. Antoni Wilinski & Irena Bach-Dabrowska, 2022. "COVID-19: Changes in the Ranking of Polish Regions According to the Criterion Taking into Account both the Reluctance to Vaccinate and the Number of Deaths," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 423-432.
    15. Abayomi Samuel Oyekale, 2021. "Willingness to Take COVID-19 Vaccines in Ethiopia: An Instrumental Variable Probit Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-11, August.
    16. Kolawole Ogundari, 2022. "The COVID-19 vaccine rollout and labor market recovery in the U.S: a note," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(7), pages 1-13, July.
    17. Solórzano Diego, 2023. "Grab a Bite? Prices in the food away from home industry during the COVID-19 pandemic," Working Papers 2023-18, Banco de México.
    18. Salvatore F. Pileggi, 2022. "Holistic Resilience Index: measuring the expected country resilience to pandemic," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 56(6), pages 4107-4127, December.
    19. Emily Cameron-Blake & Helen Tatlow & Bernardo Andretti & Thomas Boby & Kaitlyn Green & Thomas Hale & Anna Petherick & Toby Phillips & Annalena Pott & Adam Wade & Hao Zha, 2023. "A panel dataset of COVID-19 vaccination policies in 185 countries," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 7(8), pages 1402-1413, August.
    20. John Gibson, 2023. "Jabbing the economy back to life?," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(21), pages 2999-3005, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:12903-:d:696985. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.