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Age-Differentiated Leadership and Healthy Aging at Work: Evidence from the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Ryszard J. Koziel

    (Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA)

  • Jack C. Friedrich

    (Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA)

  • Cort W. Rudolph

    (Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA)

  • Hannes Zacher

    (Wilhelm Wundt Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany)

Abstract

Little is known about the relative influence of age-differentiated leadership on healthy aging at work. Likewise, the age-conditional influence of age-differentiated leadership is understudied, and especially so in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a three-wave longitudinal study, we examined the role that age-differentiated leadership plays in the prediction of work ability, as measured three times over six months ( n = 1130) during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (i.e., December 2019, March 2020, and June 2020). The results suggest that although there were no systematic changes in work ability on average, there was notable within-person variability in work ability over time. Additionally, we find that a balanced approach to age-differentiated leadership that considers the needs of both older and younger employees matters most and complements the positive influence of leader–member exchange for predicting within-person variability in work ability. We also find that older employees’ work ability benefits from an approach to age-differentiated leadership that considers older employee’s needs, whereas younger employees’ work ability especially benefits from leader–member exchange and a balanced approach to age-differentiated leadership. Overall, these results provide initial support for the idea that an age-differentiated approach to leadership is important when considering healthy aging at work.

Suggested Citation

  • Ryszard J. Koziel & Jack C. Friedrich & Cort W. Rudolph & Hannes Zacher, 2021. "Age-Differentiated Leadership and Healthy Aging at Work: Evidence from the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-16, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12509-:d:689695
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rudolph, Cort W. & Allan, Blake & Clark, Malissa & Hertel, Guido & Hirschi, Andreas & Kunze, Florian & Shockley, Kristen & Shoss, Mindy & Sonnentag, Sabine & Zacher, Hannes, 2021. "Pandemics: Implications for research and practice in industrial and organizational psychology," Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(1-2), pages 1-35, June.
    2. Liat Ayalon & Alison Chasteen & Manfred Diehl & Becca R Levy & Shevaun D Neupert & Klaus Rothermund & Clemens Tesch-Römer & Hans-Werner Wahl, 2021. "Aging in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Avoiding Ageism and Fostering Intergenerational Solidarity," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 76(2), pages 49-52.
    3. Bates, Douglas & Mächler, Martin & Bolker, Ben & Walker, Steve, 2015. "Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 67(i01).
    4. Kooij, Dorien T. A. M. & Zacher, Hannes & Wang, Mo & Heckhausen, Jutta, 2020. "Successful aging at work: A process model to guide future research and practice," Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(3), pages 345-365, September.
    5. Lara Bellotti & Sara Zaniboni & Cristian Balducci & Gudela Grote, 2021. "Rapid Review on COVID-19, Work-Related Aspects, and Age Differences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-24, May.
    6. Hannes Zacher & Rana Sagha Zadeh & Jutta Heckhausen & Gabriele Oettingen & Marie Hennecke, 2021. "Motivation and Healthy Aging at Work," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 76(Supplemen), pages 145-156.
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