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Traditional Masculinity and Aggression in Adolescence: Its Relationship with Emotional Processes

Author

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  • Elisabeth Malonda-Vidal

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Paula Samper-García

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Anna Llorca-Mestre

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Roger Muñoz-Navarro

    (Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Vicenta Mestre-Escrivá

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

Traditional masculinity includes norms that encourage many of the aggressive behaviors whereas traditional femininity emphasizes aggression very little. In addition, the lack of emotional regulation as well as a poor impulse control have been related to aggression and, in particular, with reactive and proactive aggression. The objective of this study is to examine the role of gender stereotypes (masculinity/femininity) in reactive and proactive aggression, through regulatory emotional self-efficacy and emotion regulation. A total of 390 adolescents participated in a longitudinal study in Valencia, Spain. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was employed to explore a two-wave longitudinal model. The results show that femininity relates to reactive aggression through regulatory emotional self-efficacy and emotion regulation. This way, both emotional self-efficacy and emotional regulation mediate the relation between femininity and reactive aggression. Furthermore, reactive and proactive aggression relate positively and directly to masculinity and negatively to femininity. Therefore, violence prevention programs with adolescents should incorporate information to break down gender stereotypes and promote strategies to manage emotions. Such efforts may be helpful to reduce aggressive behaviors and violence.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisabeth Malonda-Vidal & Paula Samper-García & Anna Llorca-Mestre & Roger Muñoz-Navarro & Vicenta Mestre-Escrivá, 2021. "Traditional Masculinity and Aggression in Adolescence: Its Relationship with Emotional Processes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9802-:d:637777
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Courtenay, Will H., 2000. "Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 50(10), pages 1385-1401, May.
    2. Wang, Yuzhu & Fu, Cong & Wang, Meifang, 2021. "The additive and interactive effects of parental harsh discipline and boys’ gender-related traits on boys’ externalizing problem behaviors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Eun Jahng, Kyung, 2024. "Factors influencing South Korean early Adolescents’ cyber aggression," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    2. Joon-Yong Yang & Aeree Sohn, 2022. "The Association of Gender Role Attitudes and Risky Drinking: Changes in the Relationship between Masculinity and Drinking in Korean Young Men," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-12, November.

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