IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i17p9389-d629814.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Driving Influence of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on PM 2.5 Concentrations in Africa: New Evidence from Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data, 2000–2018

Author

Listed:
  • Guoen Wei

    (College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Institute of African Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Pingjun Sun

    (College of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700, China)

  • Shengnan Jiang

    (College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Institute of African Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Yang Shen

    (College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Binglin Liu

    (College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Institute of African Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Zhenke Zhang

    (College of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
    Institute of African Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Xiao Ouyang

    (Hunan Institute of Economic Geography, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha 410205, China)

Abstract

Africa’s PM 2.5 pollution has become a security hazard, but the understanding of the varying effects of urbanization on driven mechanisms of PM 2.5 concentrations under the rapid urbanization remains largely insufficient. Compared with the direct impact, the spillover effect of urbanization on PM 2.5 concentrations in adjacent regions was underestimated. Urbanization is highly multi-dimensional phenomenon and previous studies have rarely distinguished the different driving influence and interactions of multi-dimensional urbanization on PM 2.5 concentrations in Africa. This study combined grid and administrative units to explore the spatio-temporal change, spatial dependence patterns, and evolution trend of PM 2.5 concentrations and multi-dimensional urbanization in Africa. The differential influence and interaction effects of multi-dimensional urbanization on PM 2.5 concentrations under Africa’s rapid urbanization was further analyzed. The results show that the positive spatial dependence of PM 2.5 concentrations gradually increased over the study period 2000–2018. The areas with PM 2.5 concentrations exceeding 35 μg/m 3 increased by 2.2%, and 36.78% of the African continent had an increasing trend in Theil–Sen index. Urbanization was found to be the main driving factor causing PM 2.5 concentrations changes, and economic urbanization had a stronger influence on air quality than land urbanization or population urbanization. Compared with the direct effect, the spillover effect of urbanization on PM 2.5 concentrations in two adjacent regions was stronger, particularly in terms of economic urbanization. The spatial distribution of PM 2.5 concentrations resulted from the interaction of multi-dimensional urbanization. The interaction of urbanization of any two different dimensions exhibited a nonlinear enhancement effect on PM 2.5 concentrations. Given the differential impact of multi-dimensional urbanization on PM 2.5 concentrations inside and outside the region, this research provides support for the cross-regional joint control strategies of air pollution in Africa. The findings also indicate that PM 2.5 pollution control should not only focus on urban economic development strategies but should be an optimized integration of multiple mitigation strategies, such as improving residents’ lifestyles, optimizing land spatial structure, and upgrading the industrial structure.

Suggested Citation

  • Guoen Wei & Pingjun Sun & Shengnan Jiang & Yang Shen & Binglin Liu & Zhenke Zhang & Xiao Ouyang, 2021. "The Driving Influence of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on PM 2.5 Concentrations in Africa: New Evidence from Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data, 2000–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9389-:d:629814
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9389/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/17/9389/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rana Roy, 2016. "The cost of air pollution in Africa," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 333, OECD Publishing.
    2. Qiang Zhang & Xujia Jiang & Dan Tong & Steven J. Davis & Hongyan Zhao & Guannan Geng & Tong Feng & Bo Zheng & Zifeng Lu & David G. Streets & Ruijing Ni & Michael Brauer & Aaron van Donkelaar & Randall, 2017. "Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade," Nature, Nature, vol. 543(7647), pages 705-709, March.
    3. Yunfei Li & Sebastian Schubert & Jürgen P. Kropp & Diego Rybski, 2020. "On the influence of density and morphology on the Urban Heat Island intensity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. Badamassi Aboubacar & Xu Deyi & Mahaman Yacoubou Abdoul Razak & Boubacar Hamidou Leyla, 2018. "The Effect of PM 2.5 from Household Combustion on Life Expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    5. Chengming Li & Kuo Zhang & Zhaoxin Dai & Zhaoting Ma & Xiaoli Liu, 2020. "Investigation of the Impact of Land-Use Distribution on PM 2.5 in Weifang: Seasonal Variations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-20, July.
    6. Peter Knippertz & Mat J. Evans & Paul R. Field & Andreas H. Fink & Catherine Liousse & John H. Marsham, 2015. "The possible role of local air pollution in climate change in West Africa," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 5(9), pages 815-822, September.
    7. Mostafa Ghodousi & Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki & Farzaneh Rabiee & Soo-Mi Choi, 2020. "Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Point Distribution Pattern of Schools Using Spatial Autocorrelation Indices in Bojnourd City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-26, September.
    8. Lance A. Waller, 2018. "Estimate suggests many infant deaths in sub-Saharan Africa attributable to air pollution," Nature, Nature, vol. 559(7713), pages 188-189, July.
    9. J. Lelieveld & J. S. Evans & M. Fnais & D. Giannadaki & A. Pozzer, 2015. "The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale," Nature, Nature, vol. 525(7569), pages 367-371, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Rong Ma & Ke Li & Yixin Guo & Bo Zhang & Xueli Zhao & Soeren Linder & ChengHe Guan & Guoqian Chen & Yujie Gan & Jing Meng, 2021. "Mitigation potential of global ammonia emissions and related health impacts in the trade network," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Du, Weijian & Li, Mengjie, 2023. "Opening the black box of environmental governance: Environmental target constraints and industrial firm pollution reduction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    3. Mohammed Alamoudi & Osman Taylan & Behrooz Keshtegar & Mona Abusurrah & Mohammed Balubaid, 2022. "Modeling Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Quality Levels of Jeddah City Using Machine Learning Approaches with Meteorological and Chemical Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Chen, Jiandong & Huang, Shasha & Shen, Zhiyang & Song, Malin & Zhu, Zunhong, 2022. "Impact of sulfur dioxide emissions trading pilot scheme on pollution emissions intensity: A study based on the synthetic control method," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    5. Yang, Siyuan & Fang, Delin & Chen, Bin, 2019. "Human health impact and economic effect for PM2.5 exposure in typical cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C), pages 316-325.
    6. Sicheng Wang & Pingjun Sun & Feng Sun & Shengnan Jiang & Zhaomin Zhang & Guoen Wei, 2021. "The Direct and Spillover Effect of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on PM 2.5 Concentrations: A Case Study from the Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomeration in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    7. Keisuke Nansai & Susumu Tohno & Satoru Chatani & Keiichiro Kanemoto & Shigemi Kagawa & Yasushi Kondo & Wataru Takayanagi & Manfred Lenzen, 2021. "Consumption in the G20 nations causes particulate air pollution resulting in two million premature deaths annually," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Zhiyuan Wang & Xiaoyi Shi & Chunhua Pan & Sisi Wang, 2021. "Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Environmental Air Quality and Its Relationship with Seasonal Climatic Conditions in Eastern China during 2015–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-17, April.
    9. Hongya Niu & Chongchong Zhang & Wei Hu & Tafeng Hu & Chunmiao Wu & Sihao Hu & Luis F. O. Silva & Nana Gao & Xiaolei Bao & Jingsen Fan, 2022. "Air Quality Changes during the COVID-19 Lockdown in an Industrial City in North China: Post-Pandemic Proposals for Air Quality Improvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-19, September.
    10. Lanzi, Elisa & Dellink, Rob & Chateau, Jean, 2018. "The sectoral and regional economic consequences of outdoor air pollution to 2060," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 89-113.
    11. Héctor Jorquera & Ana María Villalobos, 2020. "Combining Cluster Analysis of Air Pollution and Meteorological Data with Receptor Model Results for Ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-25, November.
    12. Ellen Banzhaf & Sally Anderson & Gwendoline Grandin & Richard Hardiman & Anne Jensen & Laurence Jones & Julius Knopp & Gregor Levin & Duncan Russel & Wanben Wu & Jun Yang & Marianne Zandersen, 2022. "Urban-Rural Dependencies and Opportunities to Design Nature-Based Solutions for Resilience in Europe and China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-25, March.
    13. Rogers Kanee & Precious Ede & Omosivie Maduka & Golden Owhonda & Eric Aigbogun & Khalaf F. Alsharif & Ahmed H. Qasem & Shadi S. Alkhayyat & Gaber El-Saber Batiha, 2021. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Levels in Wistar Rats Exposed to Ambient Air of Port Harcourt, Nigeria: An Indicator for Tissue Toxicity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-21, May.
    14. Hongjun Yu & Jiali Cheng & Shelby Paige Gordon & Ruopeng An & Miao Yu & Xiaodan Chen & Qingli Yue & Jun Qiu, 2018. "Impact of Air Pollution on Sedentary Behavior: A Cohort Study of Freshmen at a University in Beijing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, December.
    15. Hayat Khan & Liu Weili & Itbar Khan, 2022. "Environmental innovation, trade openness and quality institutions: an integrated investigation about environmental sustainability," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 3832-3862, March.
    16. Stefani Kulebanova & Jana Prodanova & Aleksandra Dedinec & Trifce Sandev & Desheng Wu & Ljupco Kocarev, 2024. "Media Sentiment on Air Pollution: Seasonal Trends in Relation to PM10 Levels," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-20, July.
    17. Abhijit Chakraborty & Tobias Reisch & Christian Diem & Pablo Astudillo-Estévez & Stefan Thurner, 2024. "Inequality in economic shock exposures across the global firm-level supply network," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    18. Lucia de Strasser, 2017. "Calling for Nexus Thinking in Africa’s Energy Planning," ESP: Energy Scenarios and Policy 263161, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    19. Feng, Xiangdong & Liu, Shanjian & Yue, Kang & Wei, Heng & Bi, Dongmei & Zhao, Wenjing, 2023. "Insight into the promotional effect of Mn-modified nitrogenous biochar on the NH3-SCR denitrification activity at low temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    20. Sowmya Malamardi & Katrina A. Lambert & Attahalli Shivanarayanaprasad Praveena & Mahesh Padukudru Anand & Bircan Erbas, 2022. "Time Trends of Greenspaces, Air Pollution, and Asthma Prevalence among Children and Adolescents in India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9389-:d:629814. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.