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Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Pesticides: A Systematic Review of Human and Preclinical Models

Author

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  • Judit Biosca-Brull

    (Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
    Research in Neurobehavior, Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain)

  • Cristian Pérez-Fernández

    (Department of Psychology, Health Research Center (CEINSA), Almeria University, 04120 Almeria, Spain)

  • Santiago Mora

    (Department of Psychology, Health Research Center (CEINSA), Almeria University, 04120 Almeria, Spain)

  • Beatriz Carrillo

    (Department of Psychobiology, University Institute of Research-UNED-Institute of Health Carlos III (IMIENS), National Distance Education University (UNED), 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Helena Pinos

    (Department of Psychobiology, University Institute of Research-UNED-Institute of Health Carlos III (IMIENS), National Distance Education University (UNED), 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Nelida Maria Conejo

    (Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Paloma Collado

    (Department of Psychobiology, University Institute of Research-UNED-Institute of Health Carlos III (IMIENS), National Distance Education University (UNED), 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jorge L. Arias

    (Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Fernando Martín-Sánchez

    (National Scholl of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, University Institute of Research-UNED-Institute of Health Carlos III (IMIENS), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Fernando Sánchez-Santed

    (Department of Psychology, Health Research Center (CEINSA), Almeria University, 04120 Almeria, Spain)

  • Maria Teresa Colomina

    (Department of Psychology, Research Center for Behavior Assessment (CRAMC), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
    Research in Neurobehavior, Health (NEUROLAB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain)

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex set of neurodevelopmental pathologies characterized by impoverished social and communicative abilities and stereotyped behaviors. Although its genetic basis is unquestionable, the involvement of environmental factors such as exposure to pesticides has also been proposed. Despite the systematic analyses of this relationship in humans, there are no specific reviews including both human and preclinical models. The present systematic review summarizes, analyzes, and discusses recent advances in preclinical and epidemiological studies. We included 45 human and 16 preclinical studies. These studies focused on Organophosphates (OP), Organochlorine (OC), Pyrethroid (PT), Neonicotinoid (NN), Carbamate (CM), and mixed exposures. Preclinical studies, where the OP Chlorpyrifos (CPF) compound is the one most studied, pointed to an association between gestational exposure and increased ASD-like behaviors, although the data are inconclusive with regard to other ages or pesticides. Studies in humans focused on prenatal exposure to OP and OC agents, and report cognitive and behavioral alterations related to ASD symptomatology. The results of both suggest that gestational exposure to certain OP agents could be linked to the clinical signs of ASD. Future experimental studies should focus on extending the analysis of ASD-like behaviors in preclinical models and include exposure patterns similar to those observed in human studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Judit Biosca-Brull & Cristian Pérez-Fernández & Santiago Mora & Beatriz Carrillo & Helena Pinos & Nelida Maria Conejo & Paloma Collado & Jorge L. Arias & Fernando Martín-Sánchez & Fernando Sánchez-San, 2021. "Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Pesticides: A Systematic Review of Human and Preclinical Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-30, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:10:p:5190-:d:554006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fadi Thabtah & David Peebles, 2019. "Early Autism Screening: A Comprehensive Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-28, September.
    2. Pornpimol Kongtip & Benyachalee Techasaensiri & Noppanun Nankongnab & Jane Adams & Akkarat Phamonphon & Anu Surach & Supha Sangprasert & Aree Thongsuksai & Prayoon Srikumpol & Susan Woskie, 2017. "The Impact of Prenatal Organophosphate Pesticide Exposures on Thai Infant Neurodevelopment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-12, May.
    3. Cheng-Chih Kao & Danielle E. Que & Sayre J. Bongo & Lemmuel L. Tayo & Yi-Hsien Lin & Chun-Wen Lin & Sheng-Lun Lin & Yan-You Gou & Wen-Li Hsu & Cherng-Gueih Shy & Kuo-Lin Huang & Ming-Hsien Tsai & How-, 2019. "Residue Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides in Breast Milk and Its Associations with Cord Blood Thyroid Hormones and the Offspring’s Neurodevelopment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-19, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alessandro Miani & Giovanni Imbriani & Giovanni De Filippis & Donato De Giorgi & Luigi Peccarisi & Manuela Colangelo & Manuela Pulimeno & Maria Domenica Castellone & Giuseppe Nicolardi & Giancarlo Log, 2021. "Autism Spectrum Disorder and Prenatal or Early Life Exposure to Pesticides: A Short Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-15, October.

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