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Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence

Author

Listed:
  • Tao Zhang

    (Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA)

  • Joonyoung Lee

    (Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA)

  • Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu

    (Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA)

  • Changzhou Chen

    (School of Leisure Sport, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China)

  • Xiangli Gu

    (Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA)

Abstract

Promoting physical activity (PA) and eliminating health disparities among underserved minority children is a public health priority. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of actual motor competence (a set of object control skills) and perceived motor competence with PA participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children who were born in the U.S. Guided by Stodden et al.’s conceptual model, we tested the direct and indirect effects (mediational model) of actual motor competence on health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) through perceived motor competence. Participants were 215 underserved Hispanic children ( M age = 10.55 years, SD = 0.53 [age range 10–12]; 51.6% boys), recruited from four elementary schools in the southwestern U.S., who completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived motor competence, PA, and HRQoL. Their actual motor skills were assessed using PE Metrics TM . After examining the associations among the variables, we tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling (SEM; AMOS 25). The hypothesized model indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 38.427/24 = 1.60 < 5; non-normed fit index (NFI) = 0.93; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.968; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053 [0.016, 0.083]). The effect of actual motor competence on PA and HRQoL was fully mediated by perceived motor competence. The findings demonstrated the mediating role of perceived motor competence between actual motor competence and health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children. The results highlight that actual motor competence significantly predicted underserved Hispanic children’ perceived motor competence, which in turn positively predicted their PA and HRQoL. These findings have significant practical implications for future intervention strategies of randomized clinical trials in schools aimed at promoting PA and HRQoL and eliminating health disparities among underserved Hispanic children.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Zhang & Joonyoung Lee & Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu & Changzhou Chen & Xiangli Gu, 2020. "Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:9:p:3013-:d:350710
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bach Xuan Tran & Son Nghiem & Clifford Afoakwah & Carl A. Latkin & Giang Hai Ha & Thao Phuong Nguyen & Linh Phuong Doan & Hai Quang Pham & Cyrus S.H. Ho & Roger C.M. Ho, 2019. "Characterizing Obesity Interventions and Treatment for Children and Youths During 1991–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-11, October.
    2. Joonyoung Lee & Tao Zhang & Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu & Xiangli Gu & Ping Zhu, 2020. "Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Changzhou Chen & Tao Zhang & Xiangli Gu & Joonyoung Lee & Sutang Ren & Hongying Wang, 2019. "Understanding Adolescents’ Need Support, Need Satisfaction, and Health-Related Outcomes: A Self-Determination Health Behavior Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-11, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liang Shen & Xiangli Gu & Tao Zhang & Joonyoung Lee, 2022. "Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms: A Psychosocial Mechanism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-9, January.
    2. Rubén Navarro-Patón & Silvia Pueyo Villa & Juan Luis Martín-Ayala & Mariacarla Martí González & Marcos Mecías-Calvo, 2021. "Is Quarter of Birth a Risk Factor for Developmental Coordinator Disorder in Preschool Children?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-10, May.
    3. Joca Zurc & Jurij Planinšec, 2022. "Associations between Physical Activity and Academic Competence: A Cross-Sectional Study among Slovenian Primary School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-18, January.
    4. Cristina Menescardi & Isaac Estevan, 2021. "Parental and Peer Support Matters: A Broad Umbrella of the Role of Perceived Social Support in the Association between Children’s Perceived Motor Competence and Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    5. Anne Strotmeyer & Miriam Kehne & Christian Herrmann, 2021. "Effects of an Intervention for Promoting Basic Motor Competencies in Middle Childhood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-15, July.
    6. Jun Chen & Xiaozan Wang & Zhanjia Zhang & Weiyun Chen, 2021. "Assessing Elementary School Students’ Manipulative Skill Competency in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-9, March.

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