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Toxic Effects of the Mixture of Phthalates and Bisphenol A—Subacute Oral Toxicity Study in Wistar Rats

Author

Listed:
  • Katarina Baralić

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Katarina Živančević

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Evica Antonijević

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Milena Anđelković

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Dragana Javorac

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Marijana Ćurčić

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Zorica Bulat

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Biljana Antonijević

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Danijela Đukić-Ćosić

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, University of Belgrade—Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

Abstract

Phthalates and bisphenol A, classified as endocrine disruptors, have weak estrogenic, anti-androgenic properties, and affect thyroid hormone regulation. The aim of this study on male rats was to compare the subacute toxic effects of low doses of single compounds (bis (2 –ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and bisphenol A (BPA)) with the effects of their mixture through different biochemical, hormonal, and hematological parameters. Rats were divided into five experimental groups: Control (corn oil), DEHP (50 mg/kg b.w./day), DBP (50 mg/kg b.w./day), BPA (25 mg/kg b.w./day), and MIX (50 mg/kg b.w./day DEHP + 50 mg/kg b.w/day DBP + 25 mg/kg b.w./day BPA). Animals were sacrificed after 28 days of oral treatment and blood was collected for further analysis. The results demonstrated that the mixture produced significant changes in lipid profile, liver-related biochemical parameters, and glucose level. Furthermore, the opposite effects of single substances on the thyroxine level have been shown in comparison with the mixture, as well as a more pronounced effect of the mixture on testosterone level. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the toxicology of mixtures and gives one more evidence of the paramount importance of mixture toxicity studies, especially in assessing the endocrine disruptive effects of chemicals.

Suggested Citation

  • Katarina Baralić & Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic & Katarina Živančević & Evica Antonijević & Milena Anđelković & Dragana Javorac & Marijana Ćurčić & Zorica Bulat & Biljana Antonijević & Danijela Đukić-Ćo, 2020. "Toxic Effects of the Mixture of Phthalates and Bisphenol A—Subacute Oral Toxicity Study in Wistar Rats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:746-:d:312579
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alan R. Saltiel & C. Ronald Kahn, 2001. "Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism," Nature, Nature, vol. 414(6865), pages 799-806, December.
    2. Milena Andjelkovic & Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic & Evica Antonijevic & Biljana Antonijevic & Momcilo Stanic & Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic & Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska & Milos Jovanovic & Novica Boricic, 2019. "Toxic Effect of Acute Cadmium and Lead Exposure in Rat Blood, Liver, and Kidney," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Roberta Tassinari & Sabrina Tait & Luca Busani & Andrea Martinelli & Mauro Valeri & Amalia Gastaldelli & Annalisa Deodati & Cinzia La Rocca & Francesca Maranghi & the LIFE PERSUADED Project Group, 2021. "Toxicological Assessment of Oral Co-Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in Juvenile Rats at Environmentally Relevant Dose Levels: Evaluation of the Synergic, Additive ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-17, April.
    2. Angela Giuliani & Mariachiara Zuccarini & Angelo Cichelli & Haroon Khan & Marcella Reale, 2020. "Critical Review on the Presence of Phthalates in Food and Evidence of Their Biological Impact," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-43, August.

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