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Toxic Effect of Acute Cadmium and Lead Exposure in Rat Blood, Liver, and Kidney

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  • Milena Andjelkovic

    (Health center Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
    Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Evica Antonijevic

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Biljana Antonijevic

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Momcilo Stanic

    (Health center Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia)

  • Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic

    (Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska

    (Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Milos Jovanovic

    (Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Novica Boricic

    (Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • David Wallace

    (Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Science, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 741071898, USA)

  • Zorica Bulat

    (Department of Toxicology “Akademik Danilo Soldatović”, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia)

Abstract

Background : Cadmium and lead are widespread and non-biodegradable pollutants of great concern to human health. In real life scenarios, we are exposed to mixtures of chemicals rather than single chemicals, and it is therefore of paramount importance to assess their toxicity. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of Cd and Pb alone and as a mixture in an animal model of acute exposure. Methods : Experimental groups received a single treatment of aqueous solution of Cd-chloride (15 and 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) and Pb-acetate (150 mg/kg b.w.), while the mixture group received 15 mg Cd/kg b.w. and 150 mg Pb/kg b.w. Toxic effects of individual metals and their mixture were investigated on hematological and biochemical parameters, and the redox status in the plasma, liver, and kidneys of treated Wistar rats. Results : Tissue-specific changes were recorded in various parameters of oxidative damage, while the accumulation of metals in tissues accompanied the disturbances of both hematological and biochemical parameters. It was observed that the level of toxic metals in tissues had a different distribution pattern after mixture and single exposure. Conclusions : Comprehensive observations suggest that exposure to Cd and Pb mixtures produces more pronounced effects compared to the response observed after exposure to single metal solutions. However, further research is needed to confirm toxicokinetic or toxicodynamic interactions between these two toxic metals in the organisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Milena Andjelkovic & Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic & Evica Antonijevic & Biljana Antonijevic & Momcilo Stanic & Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic & Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska & Milos Jovanovic & Novica Boricic, 2019. "Toxic Effect of Acute Cadmium and Lead Exposure in Rat Blood, Liver, and Kidney," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:2:p:274-:d:198949
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Yuhui Zhang & Xiaohong Chen & Ling Xie, 2023. "Pleurotus pulmonarius Strain: Arsenic(III)/Cadmium(II) Accumulation, Tolerance, and Simulation Application in Environmental Remediation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Chang Liu & Yaohui Zhu & Zhenxiang Lu & Weina Guo & Bayaer Tumen & Yalan He & Chao Chen & Shanshan Hu & Kangzhi Xu & Yan Wang & Lei Li & Shenghe Li, 2019. "Cadmium Induces Acute Liver Injury by Inhibiting Nrf2 and the Role of NF-κB, NLRP3, and MAPKs Signaling Pathway," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Saira Naz & Francesco Fazio & Syed Sikandar Habib & Ghazala Nawaz & Sobia Attaullah & Mujeeb Ullah & Adil Hayat & Imtiaz Ahmed, 2022. "Incidence of Heavy Metals in the Application of Fertilizers to Crops (Wheat and Rice), a Fish (Common carp) Pond and a Human Health Risk Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Katarina Baralić & Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic & Katarina Živančević & Evica Antonijević & Milena Anđelković & Dragana Javorac & Marijana Ćurčić & Zorica Bulat & Biljana Antonijević & Danijela Đukić-Ćo, 2020. "Toxic Effects of the Mixture of Phthalates and Bisphenol A—Subacute Oral Toxicity Study in Wistar Rats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-24, January.

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