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The Relationship between Positive Youth Development and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Early Adolescents: A Three-Year Cross-Lagged Analysis

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Listed:
  • Xinli Chi

    (College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

  • Xiaofeng Liu

    (College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    Hong Chuang Kindergarten, Yi Cheng Center, Longhua District, Shenzhen 518131, China)

  • Qiaomin Huang

    (Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    Law School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

  • Xiumin Cui

    (College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    Center for Lifestyle and Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China)

  • Li Lin

    (Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

Abstract

Based on the development assets theory and the scar model, the present study examined the relationship between positive youth development (PYD) and depressive symptoms among Chinese early adolescents using a three-year longitudinal study design. Data from three waves were collected from 1301 students (Mean age = 12.46, SD = 0.63 years and 51.2% boys at wave 1) across the junior high school period (Grades 7–9). All participants completed a questionnaire that included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale (CPYD) once a year over three years. After controlling for age and gender, this study found that PYD significantly predicted subsequent depressive symptoms. However, depressive symptoms did not significantly predict subsequent PYD. The results indicated a unidirectional relationship between PYD and depressive symptoms, where a reduction in PYD may increase subsequent depressive symptoms, though not vice versa. Besides, the negative cross-sectional correlation between PYD and depressive symptoms remains significant and stable from first year (T1) to third year (T3). These findings suggest that promoting PYD may be a promising approach to preventing/reducing adolescent depressive symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Xinli Chi & Xiaofeng Liu & Qiaomin Huang & Xiumin Cui & Li Lin, 2020. "The Relationship between Positive Youth Development and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Early Adolescents: A Three-Year Cross-Lagged Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6404-:d:408017
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rachel Sun & Daniel Shek, 2010. "Life Satisfaction, Positive Youth Development, and Problem Behaviour Among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 95(3), pages 455-474, February.
    2. William Damon, 2004. "What is Positive Youth Development?," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 591(1), pages 13-24, January.
    3. Richard F. Catalano & M. Lisa Berglund & Jean A. M. Ryan & Heather S. Lonczak & J. David Hawkins, 2004. "Positive Youth Development in the United States: Research Findings on Evaluations of Positive Youth Development Programs," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 591(1), pages 98-124, January.
    4. Rachel Sun & Daniel Shek, 2012. "Positive Youth Development, Life Satisfaction and Problem Behaviour Among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: A Replication," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 105(3), pages 541-559, February.
    5. Zheng Zhou & Daniel T.L. Shek & Xiaoqin Zhu & Diya Dou, 2020. "Positive Youth Development and Adolescent Depression: A Longitudinal Study Based on Mainland Chinese High School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
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