IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i17p6295-d405867.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

What Protective Health Measures Are Americans Taking in Response to COVID-19? Results from the COVID Impact Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Fares Qeadan

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Nana Akofua Mensah

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Benjamin Tingey

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Rona Bern

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Tracy Rees

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Sharon Talboys

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Tejinder Pal Singh

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Steven Lacey

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

  • Kimberley Shoaf

    (Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA)

Abstract

With the emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes; COVID-19, compliance with/adherence to protective measures is needed. Information is needed on which measures are, or are not, being undertaken. Data collected from the COVID Impact Survey, conducted by the non-partisan and objective research organization NORC at the University of Chicago on April, May, and June of 2020, were analyzed through weighted Quasi-Poisson regression modeling to determine the association of demographics, socioeconomics, and health conditions with protective health measures taken at the individual level in response to COVID-19. The three surveys included data from 18 regional areas including 10 states (CA, CO, FL, LA, MN, MO, MT, NY, OR, and TX) and 8 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, MD; Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Cleveland and Columbus, OH; Phoenix, AZ; and Pittsburgh, PA). Individuals with higher incomes, insurance, higher education levels, large household size, age 60+, females, minorities, those who have asthma, have hypertension, overweight or obese, and those who suffer from mental health issues during the pandemic were significantly more likely to report taking precautionary protective measures relative to their counterparts. Protective measures for the three subgroups with a known relationship to COVID-19 (positive for COVID-19, knowing an individual with COVID-19, and knowing someone who had died from COVID-19) were strongly associated with the protective health measures of washing hands, avoiding public places, and canceling social engagements. This study provides first baseline data on the response to the national COVID-19 pandemic at the individual level in the US. The found heterogeneity in the response to this pandemic by different variables can inform future research and interventions to reduce exposure to the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Suggested Citation

  • Fares Qeadan & Nana Akofua Mensah & Benjamin Tingey & Rona Bern & Tracy Rees & Sharon Talboys & Tejinder Pal Singh & Steven Lacey & Kimberley Shoaf, 2020. "What Protective Health Measures Are Americans Taking in Response to COVID-19? Results from the COVID Impact Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6295-:d:405867
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6295/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6295/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tang, C.S.K. & Wong, C.-Y., 2003. "An Outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Predictors of Health Behaviors and Effect of Community Prevention Measures in Hong Kong, China," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(11), pages 1887-1889.
    2. Ioulia Solomou & Fofi Constantinidou, 2020. "Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Compliance with Precautionary Measures: Age and Sex Matter," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-19, July.
    3. Fares Qeadan & Trenton Honda & Lisa H. Gren & Jennifer Dailey-Provost & L. Scott Benson & James A. VanDerslice & Christina A. Porucznik & A. Blake Waters & Steven Lacey & Kimberley Shoaf, 2020. "Naive Forecast for COVID-19 in Utah Based on the South Korea and Italy Models-the Fluctuation between Two Extremes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-14, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Elsie Yan & Daniel W. L. Lai & Vincent W. P. Lee & Haze K. L. Ng, 2021. "Predicting Public Adherence to COVID-19 Preventive Measures: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Marco D’Addario & Roberta Adorni & Patrizia Steca & Roberto Capelli & Francesco Zanatta & Francesco Fattirolli & Cristina Franzelli & Cristina Giannattasio & Andrea Greco, 2022. "Associations between Lifestyle Changes and Adherence to COVID-19 Restrictions in Older Adults with Hypertension," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-15, June.
    3. De Witte, Dries & Delporte, Margaux & Molenberghs, Geert & Verbeke, Geert & Demarest, Stefaan & Hoorens, Vera, 2023. "Self-uniqueness beliefs and adherence to recommended precautions. A 5-wave longitudinal COVID-19 study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    4. Wei Song & Taiyang Zhao & Ershuai Huang, 2022. "How Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect People’s Willingness to Pay for Health in the Short and Long Term? A Longitudinal Study during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, January.
    5. Carmen Orte & Lidia Sánchez-Prieto & David Caldevilla Domínguez & Almudena Barrientos-Báez, 2020. "Evaluation of Distress and Risk Perception Associated with COVID-19 in Vulnerable Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-12, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ali Asgary & Svetozar Zarko Valtchev & Michael Chen & Mahdi M. Najafabadi & Jianhong Wu, 2020. "Artificial Intelligence Model of Drive-Through Vaccination Simulation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Wei Zhong, 2017. "Simulating influenza pandemic dynamics with public risk communication and individual responsive behavior," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 475-495, December.
    3. Ilse Adriana Gutiérrez-Pérez & Pedro Delgado-Floody & Daniel Jerez-Mayorga & Diego Soto-García & Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete & Isela Parra-Rojas & Nacim Molina-Gutiérrez & Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán, 2021. "Lifestyle and Sociodemographic Parameters Associated with Mental and Physical Health during COVID-19 Confinement in Three Ibero-American Countries. A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-13, May.
    4. José Manuel Hernández-Padilla & José Granero-Molina & María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández & Iria Dobarrio-Sanz & María Mar López-Rodríguez & Isabel María Fernández-Medina & Matías Correa-Casado & Cayetano Fe, 2020. "Design and Psychometric Analysis of the COVID-19 Prevention, Recognition and Home-Management Self-Efficacy Scale," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-14, June.
    5. Kelly R Moran & Sara Y Del Valle, 2016. "A Meta-Analysis of the Association between Gender and Protective Behaviors in Response to Respiratory Epidemics and Pandemics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(10), pages 1-25, October.
    6. Mateusz Ciski & Krzysztof Rząsa, 2023. "Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression in the Investigation of Local COVID-19 Anomalies Based on Population Age Structure in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-23, May.
    7. Arielle Kaim & Maya Siman-Tov & Eli Jaffe & Bruria Adini, 2021. "From Isolation to Containment: Perceived Fear of Infectivity and Protective Behavioral Changes during the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    8. Naiara Ozamiz-Etxebarria & Idoia Legorburu Fernnadez & Darren M. Lipnicki & Nahia Idoiaga Mondragon & Javier Santabárbara, 2023. "Prevalence of Burnout among Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-13, March.
    9. Manae Uchibori & Cyrus Ghaznavi & Michio Murakami & Akifumi Eguchi & Hiroyuki Kunishima & Satoshi Kaneko & Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai & Hiroaki Miyata & Shuhei Nomura, 2022. "Preventive Behaviors and Information Sources during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, November.
    10. Philipp Bagus & José Antonio Peña-Ramos & Antonio Sánchez-Bayón, 2021. "COVID-19 and the Political Economy of Mass Hysteria," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    11. Ming-Yi Hsu & Shih-Chien Huang & Pang-Li Liu & Kwok-Tak Yeung & Yu-Ming Wang & Hao-Jan Yang, 2022. "The Interaction between Exercise and Marital Status on Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Taiwan Biobank," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, February.
    12. María Molina-Oliva & Rafael Martín-Sánchez & Elena Pastor-Benito & Raúl Soto-Cámara & Rosa M. Cárdaba-García & Israel John Thuissard & Juan José Fernández-Domínguez & María Paz Matellán-Hernández & Su, 2023. "Influence of Previous Mental State on Psychological Outcomes of Spanish Out-of-Hospital Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.
    13. Marlene Camacho-Rivera & Jessica Yasmine Islam & Denise Christina Vidot & Sunit Jariwala, 2021. "Prevalence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Symptoms among U.S. Adults with Allergies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-9, February.
    14. Badr K. Aldhmadi & Rakesh Kumar & Ramaiah Itumalla & Bilesha Perera, 2021. "Depressive Symptomatology and Practice of Safety Measures among Undergraduate Students during COVID-19: Impact of Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-9, May.
    15. Hafsah Saeed & Ardalan Eslami & Najah T. Nassif & Ann M. Simpson & Sara Lal, 2022. "Anxiety Linked to COVID-19: A Systematic Review Comparing Anxiety Rates in Different Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-26, February.
    16. Maria Shuk Yu Hung & Winnie Wing Man Ng & Edward Kwok Yiu Choi, 2022. "The Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hong Kong Nursing Students’ Mental Health and Quality of Life," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-14, November.
    17. Carmen M. Tyler & Grace B. McKee & Elisabet Alzueta & Paul B. Perrin & Kristine Kingsley & Fiona C. Baker & Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, 2021. "A Study of Older Adults’ Mental Health across 33 Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-15, May.
    18. Aleksandra M. Rogowska & Dominika Ochnik & Karolina Chilicka & Iuliia Pavlova & Cezary Kuśnierz, 2022. "Validation of the Brief Perceived Positive Lockdown Impact Scale PPLIS-4," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-13, October.
    19. Catharina Sjödahl Hammarlund & Anna Norlander & Christina Brogårdh, 2023. "Experiences of People with Cardiovascular Disease during COVID-19 in Sweden: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-11, April.
    20. Adrianna Wielgopolan & Maciej Pastwa & Aleksandra Warkocka & Kamil Konrad Imbir, 2022. "Anyone but Me: Unrealistic Optimism, Emotions and Anxiety in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6295-:d:405867. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.