IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i16p5976-d400201.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evaluating the Mutual Relationship between IPAT/Kaya Identity Index and ODIAC-Based GOSAT Fossil-Fuel CO 2 Flux: Potential and Constraints in Utilizing Decomposed Variables

Author

Listed:
  • YoungSeok Hwang

    (Department of Climate Change, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Jung-Sup Um

    (Department of Geography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea)

  • Stephan Schlüter

    (Department of Mathematics, Natural and Economic Sciences, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, 89075 Ulm, Germany)

Abstract

The IPAT/Kaya identity is the most popular index used to analyze the driving forces of individual factors on CO 2 emissions. It represents the CO 2 emissions as a product of factors, such as the population, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of the GDP, and carbon footprint of energy. In this study, we evaluated the mutual relationship of the factors of the IPAT/Kaya identity and their decomposed variables with the fossil-fuel CO 2 flux, as measured by the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). We built two regression models to explain this flux; one using the IPAT/Kaya identity factors as the explanatory variables and the other one using their decomposed factors. The factors of the IPAT/Kaya identity have less explanatory power than their decomposed variables and comparably low correlation with the fossil-fuel CO 2 flux. However, the model using the decomposed variables shows significant multicollinearity. We performed a multivariate cluster analysis for further investigating the benefits of using the decomposed variables instead of the original factors. The results of the cluster analysis showed that except for the M factor, the IPAT/Kaya identity factors are inadequate for explaining the variations in the fossil-fuel CO 2 flux, whereas the decomposed variables produce reasonable clusters that can help identify the relevant drivers of this flux.

Suggested Citation

  • YoungSeok Hwang & Jung-Sup Um & Stephan Schlüter, 2020. "Evaluating the Mutual Relationship between IPAT/Kaya Identity Index and ODIAC-Based GOSAT Fossil-Fuel CO 2 Flux: Potential and Constraints in Utilizing Decomposed Variables," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5976-:d:400201
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/16/5976/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/16/5976/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marian R. Chertow, 2000. "The IPAT Equation and Its Variants," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 4(4), pages 13-29, October.
    2. Kevin Robert Gurney & Rachel M. Law & A. Scott Denning & Peter J. Rayner & David Baker & Philippe Bousquet & Lori Bruhwiler & Yu-Han Chen & Philippe Ciais & Songmiao Fan & Inez Y. Fung & Manuel Gloor , 2002. "Towards robust regional estimates of CO2 sources and sinks using atmospheric transport models," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6872), pages 626-630, February.
    3. Timothy Garrett, 2011. "Are there basic physical constraints on future anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide?," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 104(3), pages 437-455, February.
    4. Lima, Fátima & Nunes, Manuel Lopes & Cunha, Jorge & Lucena, André F.P., 2016. "A cross-country assessment of energy-related CO2 emissions: An extended Kaya Index Decomposition Approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P2), pages 1361-1374.
    5. Goodness C. Aye & Prosper Ebruvwiyo Edoja, 2017. "Effect of economic growth on CO2 emission in developing countries: Evidence from a dynamic panel threshold model," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(1), pages 1379239-137, January.
    6. Yanguang Chen, 2016. "Spatial Autocorrelation Approaches to Testing Residuals from Least Squares Regression," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
    7. Costas A. Varotsos & Yuri A. Mazei, 2019. "Future Temperature Extremes Will Be More Harmful: A New Critical Factor for Improved Forecasts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-10, October.
    8. Jung, Seok & An, Kyoung-Jin & Dodbiba, Gjergj & Fujita, Toyohisa, 2012. "Regional energy-related carbon emission characteristics and potential mitigation in eco-industrial parks in South Korea: Logarithmic mean Divisia index analysis based on the Kaya identity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 231-241.
    9. Miriam Andrejiová & Anna Grincova & Daniela Marasová, 2020. "Study of the Percentage of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Aviation in the EU-27 Countries by Applying Multiple-Criteria Statistical Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-16, May.
    10. Fujimori, Shinichiro & Matsuoka, Yuzuru, 2011. "Development of method for estimation of world industrial energy consumption and its application," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 461-473, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shoutiao Li & Zhibang Xu & Haowei Wang, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factors Driving Exploration of Industrial Carbon-Emission Intensity: A Case Study of Guangdong Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Chen, Shuyang, 2024. "Fertility rate, fertility policy, and climate policy: A case study in China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 339-348.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaoxia Shi & Haiyun Liu & Joshua Sunday Riti, 2019. "The role of energy mix and financial development in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions’ reduction: evidence from ten leading CO2 emitting countries," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 36(3), pages 695-729, October.
    2. Khan, Muhammad Tufail & Imran, Muhammad, 2023. "Unveiling the Carbon Footprint of Europe and Central Asia: Insights into the Impact of Key Factors on CO2 Emissions," MPRA Paper 116484, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 22 Feb 2023.
    3. YoungSeok Hwang & Jung-Sup Um & JunHwa Hwang & Stephan Schlüter, 2020. "Evaluating the Causal Relations between the Kaya Identity Index and ODIAC-Based Fossil Fuel CO 2 Flux," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    4. Claudia García-García & Catalina B. García-García & Román Salmerón, 2021. "Confronting collinearity in environmental regression models: evidence from world data," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 30(3), pages 895-926, September.
    5. Francisco A. Buendia-Hernandez & Maria J. Ortiz Bevia & Francisco J. Alvarez-Garcia & Antonio Ruizde Elvira, 2022. "Sensitivity of a Dynamic Model of Air Traffic Emissions to Technological and Environmental Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Ho, Sy-Hoa & OUEGHLISSI, Rim & EL FERKTAJI, Riadh, 2019. "The dynamic causality between ESG and economic growth: Evidence from panel causality analysis," MPRA Paper 95390, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Asongu, Simplice A. & Odhiambo, Nicholas M., 2021. "Inequality, finance and renewable energy consumption in Sub-Saharan Africa," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 678-688.
    8. Ostadzad, Ali Hossein, 2022. "Innovation and carbon emissions: Fixed-effects panel threshold model estimation for renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 602-617.
    9. Casey, Gregory & Galor, Oded, 2017. "Is faster economic growth compatible with reductions in carbon emissions? The role of diminished population growth," MPRA Paper 76164, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Kingsley Appiah & Jianguo Du & Michael Yeboah & Rhoda Appiah, 2019. "Causal relationship between Industrialization, Energy Intensity, Economic Growth and Carbon dioxide emissions: recent evidence from Uganda," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(2), pages 237-245.
    11. Fujimori, Shinichiro & Dai, Hancheng & Masui, Toshihiko & Matsuoka, Yuzuru, 2016. "Global energy model hindcasting," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 293-301.
    12. Larry Hughes & Moniek Jong & Zach Thorne, 2021. "(De)coupling and (De)carbonizing in the economies and energy systems of the G20," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 5614-5639, April.
    13. Manal Ayyad Dhif Alshammry & Saqib Muneer, 2023. "The influence of economic development, capital formation, and internet use on environmental degradation in Saudi Arabia," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-16, December.
    14. Sy-Hoa Ho & Rim Oueghlissi & Riadh El Ferktaji, 2024. "Testing for Causality Between Economic Growth and Environmental, Social, and Governance Performance: New Evidence from a Global Sample," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(2), pages 7769-7787, June.
    15. Hwang, In Chang, 2013. "Stochastic Kaya model and its applications," MPRA Paper 55099, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Vikniswari Vija Kumaran & Siti Nurul Munawwarah & Mohd Khairi Ismail, 2021. "Sustainability in ASEAN: The Roles of Financial Development towards Climate Change," Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 8(1), pages 1-9.
    17. Timothy J. Garrett & Matheus R. Grasselli & Stephen Keen, 2020. "Past production constrains current energy demands: persistent scaling in global energy consumption and implications for climate change mitigation," Papers 2006.03718, arXiv.org.
    18. Abudureheman, Maliyamu & Jiang, Qingzhe & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Cong, 2022. "Spatial effects of dynamic comprehensive energy efficiency on CO2 reduction in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    19. Rafael Lahoz-Beltra, 2018. "The 'Crisis of Noosphere' as a Limiting Factor to Achieve the Point of Technological Singularity," Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems - scientific journal, Croatian Interdisciplinary Society Provider Homepage: http://indecs.eu, vol. 16(1), pages 92-109.
    20. Vera A. Barinova & John A. “Skip” Laitner, 2019. "Examining the critical role of institutions and innovations in shaping productive energy policy for Russia," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 9(1), pages 54-66, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5976-:d:400201. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.