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Five Year Trends of Particulate Matter Concentrations in Korean Regions (2015–2019): When to Ventilate?

Author

Listed:
  • Dohyeong Kim

    (School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
    Joint first author.)

  • Hee-Eun Choi

    (Department of Environmental Health and Safety, College of Health Industry, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
    Joint first author.)

  • Won-Mo Gal

    (Department of Environmental Health and Safety, College of Health Industry, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea)

  • SungChul Seo

    (Department of Environmental Health and Safety, College of Health Industry, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea)

Abstract

Indoor air quality becomes more critical as people stay indoors longer, particularly children and the elderly who are vulnerable to air pollution. Natural ventilation has been recognized as the most economical and effective means of improving indoor air quality, but its benefit is questionable when the external air quality is unacceptable. Such risk-risk tradeoffs would require evidence-based guidelines for households and policymakers, but there is a lack of research that examines spatiotemporal long-term air quality trends, leaving us unclear on when to ventilate. This study aims to suggest the appropriate time for ventilation by analyzing the hourly and quarterly concentrations of particulate matter (PM)10 and PM2.5 in seven metropolitan cities and Jeju island in South Korea from January 2015 to September 2019. Both areas’ PM levels decreased until 2018 and rebounded in 2019 but are consistently higher in spring and winter. Overall, the average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 peaked in the morning, declined in the afternoon, and rebounded in the evening, but the second peak was more pronounced for PM2.5. This study may suggest ventilation in the afternoon (2–6pm) instead of the morning or late evening, but substantial differences across the regions by season encourage intervention strategies tailored to regional characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Dohyeong Kim & Hee-Eun Choi & Won-Mo Gal & SungChul Seo, 2020. "Five Year Trends of Particulate Matter Concentrations in Korean Regions (2015–2019): When to Ventilate?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:16:p:5764-:d:396730
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alessandra Cincinelli & Tania Martellini, 2017. "Indoor Air Quality and Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-5, October.
    2. Dohyeong Kim & SungChul Seo & Soojin Min & Zachary Simoni & Seunghyun Kim & Myoungkon Kim, 2018. "A Closer Look at the Bivariate Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Allergic Diseases: The Role of Spatial Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, August.
    3. Adrian Roderick Escombe & David A J Moore & Jon S Friedland & Carlton A Evans & Robert H Gilman, 2007. "Natural Ventilation for Prevention of Airborne Contagion: Authors' Reply," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(5), pages 1-2, May.
    4. Sugyeong Park & Sea Jin Kim & Hangnan Yu & Chul-Hee Lim & Eunbeen Park & Jiwon Kim & Woo-Kyun Lee, 2020. "Developing an Adaptive Pathway to Mitigate Air Pollution Risk for Vulnerable Groups in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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