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Measuring School Climate among Japanese Students—Development of the Japan School Climate Inventory (JaSC)

Author

Listed:
  • Tomoko Nishimura

    (Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
    Institute of Child Developmental Science Research, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-0929, Japan)

  • Manabu Wakuta

    (Institute of Child Developmental Science Research, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-0929, Japan
    Department of Child Development and Molecular Brain Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan)

  • Kenji J. Tsuchiya

    (Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
    Institute of Child Developmental Science Research, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-0929, Japan)

  • Yuko Osuka

    (Institute of Child Developmental Science Research, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-0929, Japan)

  • Hideo Tamai

    (Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
    Center for the Study of Child Development, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8558, Japan)

  • Nori Takei

    (Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
    Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK)

  • Taiichi Katayama

    (Institute of Child Developmental Science Research, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-0929, Japan
    Department of Child Development and Molecular Brain Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan)

Abstract

School climate is a significant determinant of students’ behavioral problems and academic achievement. In this study, we developed the Japan School Climate Inventory (JaSC) to see whether it measures school climate properly. To do so, we investigated whether or not the measurement with JaSC varies across sub-groups of varying grade and of gender and examined the relationship between the perception of school climate and the psychological and behavioral traits at individual levels in a sample of Japanese elementary and junior high school students (n = 1399; grade 4–9). The results showed that the measurement was consistent, since single-factor structures, factor loadings and thresholds of the items were found not to vary across sub-groups of the participants. The participants’ perception of school climate was associated positively with quality of life, especially in school (β = 0.152, p < 0.001) and associated negatively with involvement in ijime (bullying) as “victim” and “bully/victim” (β = −0.098, p = 0.001; β = −0.188, p = 0.001, respectively) and peer relationship problems (β = −0.107, p = 0.025). JaSC was found to measure school climate consistently among varying populations of Japanese students, with satisfactory validity.

Suggested Citation

  • Tomoko Nishimura & Manabu Wakuta & Kenji J. Tsuchiya & Yuko Osuka & Hideo Tamai & Nori Takei & Taiichi Katayama, 2020. "Measuring School Climate among Japanese Students—Development of the Japan School Climate Inventory (JaSC)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:12:p:4426-:d:373916
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Keith J. Zullig & Rose Marie Ward & E. Scott Huebner & Shay M. Daily, 2018. "Association between Adolescent School Climate and Perceived Quality of Life," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(6), pages 1737-1753, December.
    2. Rosario Ferrer-Cascales & Natalia Albaladejo-Blázquez & Miriam Sánchez-SanSegundo & Irene Portilla-Tamarit & Oriol Lordan & Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo, 2019. "Effectiveness of the TEI Program for Bullying and Cyberbullying Reduction and School Climate Improvement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Hopson, Laura M. & Lee, Eunju, 2011. "Mitigating the effect of family poverty on academic and behavioral outcomes: The role of school climate in middle and high school," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 2221-2229.
    4. Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E M & Baumgartner, Hans, 1998. "Assessing Measurement Invariance in Cross-National Consumer Research," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 25(1), pages 78-90, June.
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