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Presence and Health Risks of Obsolete and Emerging Pesticides in Paddy Rice and Soil from Thailand and China

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  • Naranun Khammanee

    (Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    College of Environmental Science and Engineering, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Yanling Qiu

    (Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Nipapun Kungskulniti

    (Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
    Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Bangkok 10400, Thailand)

  • Anders Bignert

    (Swedish Museum of Natural History, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Yuan Meng

    (Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Zhiliang Zhu

    (Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Zebene Lekew Teffera

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

Organochlorine (OCPs) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) have been intensively applied in rice paddy field farming to control pest infestation and increase the yield. In this study, we investigated the presence of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides in paddy rice and soil from rice plantations in Thailand and China. According to concentration and distribution of OCPs, the most abundant OCPs residues in rice and soil from Thailand and China were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorocyclohexanes. The OPPs of methidathion, carbophenothion, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon were common to Thailand and China in both types of samples. The detection frequency of multiple types of these pesticides was greater than 50% of total samples. The relative concentration of some OPPs residues in rice and soil from Thailand and China were significantly different from each other ( p < 0.0083), whereas, no significant difference was observed for the relative concentration of OCPs residues in rice and soil from both countries, except for HCHs ( p < 0.05). Bioaccumulation factors of OCPs between rice and soil samples indicated that OCPs and OPPs in soil could accumulate in rice. The carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic risks of OCPs and OPPs seem to be in the safe range as recommended by the European Union.

Suggested Citation

  • Naranun Khammanee & Yanling Qiu & Nipapun Kungskulniti & Anders Bignert & Yuan Meng & Zhiliang Zhu & Zebene Lekew Teffera, 2020. "Presence and Health Risks of Obsolete and Emerging Pesticides in Paddy Rice and Soil from Thailand and China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-16, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:11:p:3786-:d:363403
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Tilman & Kenneth G. Cassman & Pamela A. Matson & Rosamond Naylor & Stephen Polasky, 2002. "Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices," Nature, Nature, vol. 418(6898), pages 671-677, August.
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    1. Muyesaier Tudi & Linsheng Yang & Li Wang & Jia Lv & Lijuan Gu & Hairong Li & Wei Peng & Qiming (Jimmy) Yu & Huada (Daniel) Ruan & Qin Li & Ross Sadler & Des Connell, 2023. "Environmental and Human Health Hazards from Chlorpyrifos, Pymetrozine and Avermectin Application in China under a Climate Change Scenario: A Comprehensive Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-27, August.

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