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Paternal and Maternal Influence on Delinquency among Early Adolescents in Hong Kong

Author

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  • Daniel T. L. Shek

    (Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    Both authors equally contributed to this work.)

  • Xiaoqin Zhu

    (Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    Both authors equally contributed to this work.)

Abstract

Objective : The aim was to examine the effects of parental behaviors and the parent-child relationship on delinquency levels as well as growth rates among early adolescents, and to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal influence of fathers and mothers. Method : The study used and analyzed data collected at Waves 1–3 ( N = 2669, age 12.56 ± 0.71 years at Wave 1) in a six-year research project. Results : While both parents’ behavioral control significantly predicted a lower initial level of delinquency, only higher behavioral control of fathers predicted a fast increase in delinquency. In contrast, parental psychological control did not serve as significant predictors in the individual growth curve model. Besides, relationships of father-child and mother-child dyads negatively predicted the initial level of delinquency but not the rate of change in adolescent delinquency. When all factors were investigated simultaneously, fathers’ behavioral control and the relationship between mother and child were robust cross-sectional predictors, whereas only the latter was a stable longitudinal predictor of adolescent delinquency. Conclusions : Parenting and the parent-child relationship are predictors of adolescent delinquency. It is necessary to differentiate between: (1) adolescent delinquency level and its change rate over time; (2) different aspects of parent-child dyadic factors; and (3) paternal and maternal factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel T. L. Shek & Xiaoqin Zhu, 2019. "Paternal and Maternal Influence on Delinquency among Early Adolescents in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:8:p:1338-:d:222632
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Bo & Stanton, Bonita & Li, Xiaoming & Cottrell, Lesley & Deveaux, Lynette & Kaljee, Linda, 2013. "The influence of parental monitoring and parent–adolescent communication on Bahamian adolescent risk involvement: A three-year longitudinal examination," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 161-169.
    2. Daniel T. L. Shek & Li Lin, 2016. "What Predicts Adolescent Delinquent Behavior in Hong Kong? A Longitudinal Study of Personal and Family Factors," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 129(3), pages 1291-1318, December.
    3. Farrington, David P. & Ttofi, Maria M. & Piquero, Alex R., 2016. "Risk, promotive, and protective factors in youth offending: Results from the Cambridge study in delinquent development," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 63-70.
    4. Rachel Sun & Daniel Shek, 2012. "Positive Youth Development, Life Satisfaction and Problem Behaviour Among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: A Replication," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 105(3), pages 541-559, February.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel T. L. Shek & Diya Dou & Xiaoqin Zhu & Xiang Li & Lindan Tan, 2022. "Materialism, Egocentrism and Delinquent Behavior in Chinese Adolescents in Mainland China: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-15, April.
    2. Diya Dou & Daniel T. L. Shek, 2021. "Concurrent and Longitudinal Relationships between Positive Youth Development Attributes and Adolescent Internet Addiction Symptoms in Chinese Mainland High School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Li Lin & Daniel T. L. Shek, 2021. "Serving Children and Adolescents in Need during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of Service-Learning Subjects with and without Face-to-Face Interaction," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Daniel T. L. Shek & Xiang Li & Xiaoqin Zhu & Esther Y. W. Shek, 2020. "Concurrent and Longitudinal Predictors of Adolescent Delinquency in Mainland Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Materialism and Egocentrism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-15, October.
    5. Xiaoqin Zhu & Daniel T. L. Shek, 2021. "Parental Control and Adolescent Delinquency Based on Parallel Process Latent Growth Curve Modeling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-12, August.
    6. Eun Jee Lee & Hee Sun Kim, 2021. "Effect of Maternal Factors on Problematic Smartphone Use among Elementary School Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-11, August.
    7. Qiongwen Zhang & Yangu Pan & Yanghong Chen & Wei Liu & Li Wang & Jason A. Jean, 2022. "Effects of Father-Adolescent and Mother-Adolescent Relationships on Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Early Adolescents," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 17(5), pages 2657-2672, October.
    8. Diya Dou & Daniel T. L. Shek & Ka Ho Robin Kwok, 2020. "Perceived Paternal and Maternal Parenting Attributes among Chinese Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Daniel T. L. Shek & Diya Dou, 2020. "Perceived Parenting and Parent-Child Relational Qualities in Fathers and Mothers: Longitudinal Findings Based on Hong Kong Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-20, June.
    10. Daniel Tan Lei Shek & Kim Hung Leung & Diya Dou & Xiaoqin Zhu, 2022. "Impact of Family Functioning on Adolescent Materialism and Egocentrism in Mainland China: Positive Youth Development Attributes as a Mediator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-20, September.
    11. Weida Zhang & Guoliang Yu & Wangqian Fu & Runqing Li, 2022. "Parental Psychological Control and Children’s Prosocial Behavior: The Mediating Role of Social Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Socioeconomic Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-12, September.
    12. Spencer De Li & Yiwei Xia & Ruoshan Xiong & Jienan Li & Yiyi Chen, 2020. "Coercive Parenting and Adolescent Developmental Outcomes: The Moderating Effects of Empathic Concern and Perception of Social Rejection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-17, May.

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