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Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, Environmental and Pregnancy-Related Determinants of Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy

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  • Ewelina Wesołowska

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Jankowska

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Elżbieta Trafalska

    (Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland)

  • Paweł Kałużny

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Mariusz Grzesiak

    (Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology Department, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland)

  • Jolanta Dominowska

    (Department of Teaching Midwifery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland)

  • Wojciech Hanke

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Gemma Calamandrei

    (Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Kinga Polańska

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

Background: Characterization of dietary patterns represents a valid and meaningful measure of overall diet quality and nutrient intake. The study aims at evaluating the sociodemographic, lifestyle, environmental, and pregnancy-related determinants of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy. Methods: The analysis was conducted on a group of pregnant women from the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). During the second trimester of pregnancy, 1306 women filled in a modified version of the validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were estimated using an exploratory factor analysis. Potential dietary determinants were assessed via a questionnaire or biomarker measurements (saliva cotinine level). Results : Two dietary patterns were identified. The Prudent dietary pattern was characterized by high consumption of fruit, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, poultry, and low-fat dairy products, while the Western dietary pattern included high intake of refined grains, processed meat, potatoes, and very low intake of whole grains. Clear sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and pregnancy-related determinants of diet quality were established. Older age (β = 0.2; p < 0.01), higher educational level (β = 0.3; p < 0.01), and socioeconomic status (SES) (β = 0.2; p < 0.01), overweight/obesity before (β = 0.3; p < 0.01), as well as physical activity during pregnancy (β = 0.2; p = 0.01) were positive determinants of a healthier diet (increasing Prudent–Western difference in dietary pattern scores). On the other hand, parity (β = −0.2; p = 0.04) and living in small cities (β = −0.3; p = 0.02) were significantly related to a rather Western dietary pattern. Conclusions: The current study presents evidence on specific factors influencing dietary patterns. They need to be accounted for in educational programs and interventions focused on healthy diet recommendations during pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewelina Wesołowska & Agnieszka Jankowska & Elżbieta Trafalska & Paweł Kałużny & Mariusz Grzesiak & Jolanta Dominowska & Wojciech Hanke & Gemma Calamandrei & Kinga Polańska, 2019. "Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, Environmental and Pregnancy-Related Determinants of Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-15, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:5:p:754-:d:210331
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kinga Polanska & Anna Krol & Pawel Kaluzny & Danuta Ligocka & Karolina Mikolajewska & Seif Shaheen & Robert Walton & Wojciech Hanke, 2016. "Estimation of Saliva Cotinine Cut-Off Points for Active and Passive Smoking during Pregnancy—Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-15, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Magdalena Janc & Agnieszka Jankowska & Monika Weteska & Agnieszka Brzozowska & Wojciech Hanke & Joanna Jurewicz & Mercè Garí & Kinga Polańska & Joanna Jerzyńska, 2022. "REPRO_PL-Polish Mother and Child Cohort—Exposure, Health Status, and Neurobehavioral Assessments in Adolescents—Design and Cohort Update," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-16, October.
    2. María López-Olivares & Carlos De Teresa Galván & Teresa Nestares & Elisabet Fernández-Gómez & Carmen Enrique-Mirón, 2021. "Lifestyle Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns of University Professors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    3. Zeenat Begam Sawal Hamid & Roslee Rajikan & Siti Masitah Elias & Nor Aini Jamil, 2019. "Utilization of a Diet Optimization Model in Ensuring Adequate Intake among Pregnant Women in Selangor, Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-14, November.
    4. Jiaomei Yang & Yijun Kang & Yue Cheng & Lingxia Zeng & Hong Yan & Shaonong Dang, 2019. "Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Defects: A Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-10, August.

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