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Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy and Child Neurodevelopment

Author

Listed:
  • Kinga Polanska

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Anna Krol

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Dorota Merecz-Kot

    (Department of Health and Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Danuta Ligocka

    (Bureau of Quality Assurance, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Karolina Mikolajewska

    (Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

  • Fiorino Mirabella

    (Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Flavia Chiarotti

    (Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Gemma Calamandrei

    (Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Wojciech Hanke

    (Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

The developing fetus is especially vulnerable to environmental toxicants, including tobacco constituents. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment within the first two years of life. The study population consisted of 461 non-smoking pregnant women (saliva cotinine level <10 ng/mL). Maternal passive smoking was assessed based on the cotinine level in saliva analyzed by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI + MS/MS) and by questionnaire data. The cotinine cut-off value for passive smoking was established at 1.5 ng/mL (sensitivity 63%, specificity 71%). Psychomotor development was assessed in children at the age of one- and two-years using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Approximately 30% of the women were exposed to ETS during pregnancy. The multivariate linear regression model indicated that ETS exposure in the 1st and the 2nd trimesters of pregnancy were associated with decreasing child language functions at the age of one (β = −3.0, p = 0.03, and β = −4.1, p = 0.008, respectively), and two years (β = −3.8, p = 0.05, and β = −6.3, p = 0.005, respectively). A negative association was found for cotinine level ≥1.5 ng/mL in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and child cognition at the age of 2 (β = −4.6, p = 0.05), as well as cotinine levels ≥1.5 ng/mL in all trimesters of pregnancy and child motor abilities at two years of age (β = −3.9, p = 0.06, β = −5.3, p = 0.02, and β = −4.2, p = 0.05, for the 1st, the 2nd, and the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, respectively; for the 1st trimester the effect was of borderline statistical significance). This study confirmed that ETS exposure during pregnancy can have a negative impact on child psychomotor development within the first two years of life and underscore the importance of public health interventions aiming at reducing this exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Kinga Polanska & Anna Krol & Dorota Merecz-Kot & Danuta Ligocka & Karolina Mikolajewska & Fiorino Mirabella & Flavia Chiarotti & Gemma Calamandrei & Wojciech Hanke, 2017. "Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy and Child Neurodevelopment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:7:p:796-:d:104937
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kinga Polanska & Anna Krol & Pawel Kaluzny & Danuta Ligocka & Karolina Mikolajewska & Seif Shaheen & Robert Walton & Wojciech Hanke, 2016. "Estimation of Saliva Cotinine Cut-Off Points for Active and Passive Smoking during Pregnancy—Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Wakschlag, L.S. & Pickett, K.E. & Cook Jr., E. & Benowitz, N.L. & Leventhal, B.L., 2002. "Maternal smoking during pregnancy and severe antisocial behavior in offspring: A review," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 92(6), pages 966-974.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Kinga Polanska & Wojciech Hanke & Natalia Pawlas & Ewelina Wesolowska & Agnieszka Jankowska & Marta Jagodic & Darja Mazej & Jolanta Dominowska & Mariusz Grzesiak & Fiorino Mirabella & Flavia Chiarotti, 2018. "Sex-Dependent Impact of Low-Level Lead Exposure during Prenatal Period on Child Psychomotor Functions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-11, October.
    3. Magdalena Chełchowska & Joanna Gajewska & Tomasz M. Maciejewski & Joanna Mazur & Mariusz Ołtarzewski & Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz, 2020. "Associations between Maternal and Fetal Levels of Total Adiponectin, High Molecular Weight Adiponectin, Selected Somatomedins, and Birth Weight of Infants of Smoking and Non-Smoking Mothers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-14, July.

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