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Association of Typical Toxic Heavy Metals with Schizophrenia

Author

Listed:
  • Jiahui Ma

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Lailai Yan

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Peking University Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Tongjun Guo

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Siyu Yang

    (Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6, Huayue Road, Hedong District, Tianjin 300011, China)

  • Chen Guo

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Yaqiong Liu

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Qing Xie

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Jingyu Wang

    (Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Peking University Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

Abstract

Toxic heavy metals (THMs) are contaminants commonly found in the environment. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated their damage to the biological functions of the human being, their potential associations with the risk of developing schizophrenia remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the associations between four THMs (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As)) in serum and the risk of schizophrenia. In total, 95 patients with schizophrenia (cases) and 95 normal subjects (controls) were recruited from Hebei Province, China. The serum concentrations of the 4 THMs were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A higher concentration of Pb was found significantly associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia (OR = 3.146; 95%CI: 1.238–7.994, p = 0.016), while significant association for the other three THMs were not observed. Besides, significant correlations were found between the metabolic biomarkers and the concentrations of Pb and As, respectively. In order to further characterize the association between these THMs and schizophrenia with greater statistical power, we conducted meta-analysis by including 538 cases and 1040 controls from the current study and 5 available datasets published from 2002 to 2018. Using a random-effect model, Cr was significantly associated with schizophrenia (SMD = 0.3246; 95%CI: 0.0166–0.6326, p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested that higher levels of Pb and Cr may be one of the factors associated with an elevated risk of schizophrenia.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiahui Ma & Lailai Yan & Tongjun Guo & Siyu Yang & Chen Guo & Yaqiong Liu & Qing Xie & Jingyu Wang, 2019. "Association of Typical Toxic Heavy Metals with Schizophrenia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4200-:d:281584
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sukanta Saha & David Chant & Joy Welham & John McGrath, 2005. "A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Schizophrenia," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(5), pages 1-1, May.
    2. Joseph, A. & Spector, L. & Wickham, K. & Janis, G. & Winickoff, J. & Lindgren, B. & Murphy, S., 2013. "Biomarker evidence of tobacco smoke exposure in children participating in lead screening," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(12), pages 54-59.
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    Cited by:

    1. David Rojas-Rueda & Emily Morales-Zamora & Wael Abdullah Alsufyani & Christopher H. Herbst & Salem M. AlBalawi & Reem Alsukait & Mashael Alomran, 2021. "Environmental Risk Factors and Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-38, January.

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