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The “Motor of the Day”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Cognitions, Barriers, and Supports for Breakfast

Author

Listed:
  • Kaitlyn M. Eck

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Colleen L. Delaney

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

  • Rashel L. Clark

    (Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, 1194 Evansdale Dr. G28, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Miriam P. Leary

    (Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, 1194 Evansdale Dr. G28, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Karla Pagan Shelnutt

    (Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA)

  • Melissa D. Olfert

    (Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, 1194 Evansdale Dr. G28, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Carol Byrd-Bredbenner

    (Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA)

Abstract

Despite the many benefits of regular breakfast consumption few parents and children consume this meal every day and research examining the determinants of breakfast consumption is limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine breakfast-related cognitions (i.e., beliefs, attitudes, facilitators, barriers) of parents and school-age children (ages 6–11 years) using the constructs of Social Cognitive Theory as a guide. Parents ( n = 37) and children ( n = 41) participated in focus group discussions held in community settings in 3 states (FL, NJ, WV). Data were qualitatively content analyzed to detect trends. Parents felt breakfast was important for numerous reasons. Parents expressed concern about the healthfulness of some traditional breakfast options, preferring breakfasts containing mostly fruits, vegetables, and protein and fewer carbohydrates. Parents identified lack of time as the greatest barrier to breakfast consumption. To overcome this barrier, they utilized grab-and-go foods, prepared breakfast ahead of time, and got up earlier. Utilizing the school breakfast program was another strategy mentioned, however some were concerned about the nutritional quality of this option. Children recognized the importance of breakfast and cited several benefits. The greatest barrier to breakfast identified by children was feeling rushed in the morning. To overcome barriers, children suggested having a morning routine, selecting or preparing breakfast foods ahead, and relying on parents to encourage breakfast consumption. The effectiveness of interventions aiming to improve breakfast intake may be improved by addressing parent and child breakfast-related cognitions and tailoring interventions to address their needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaitlyn M. Eck & Colleen L. Delaney & Rashel L. Clark & Miriam P. Leary & Karla Pagan Shelnutt & Melissa D. Olfert & Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, 2019. "The “Motor of the Day”: Parent and School-Age Children’s Cognitions, Barriers, and Supports for Breakfast," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:18:p:3238-:d:263937
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sean P. Corcoran & Brian Elbel & Amy Ellen Schwartz, 2016. "The Effect of Breakfast in the Classroom on Obesity and Academic Performance: Evidence from New York City," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(3), pages 509-532, June.
    2. Carine Vereecken & Marie Dupuy & Mette Rasmussen & Colette Kelly & Tonja Nansel & Haleama Al Sabbah & Daniela Baldassari & Marina Jordan & Lea Maes & Birgit Niclasen & Namanjeet Ahluwalia, 2009. "Breakfast consumption and its socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates in schoolchildren in 41 countries participating in the HBSC study," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 54(2), pages 180-190, September.
    3. repec:mpr:mprres:6144 is not listed on IDEAS
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