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Dust at Various Workplaces—Microbiological and Toxicological Threats

Author

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  • Beata Gutarowska

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Justyna Szulc

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Adriana Nowak

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Anna Otlewska

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Okrasa

    (Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, 90-133 Łódź, Poland)

  • Anita Jachowicz

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Majchrzycka

    (Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, 90-133 Łódź, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between the chemical (analysis of elements and pH) and microbiological composition (culture and metagenomics analysis) of the dust at various workplaces (cement plant, composting plant, poultry farm, and cultivated area) and the cytotoxicity effect on the human adenocarcinoma lung epithelial adherent cell line A-549 (MTT assay test). Analysis of the Particulate Matter (PM) fraction showed that the dust concentration in cultivated areas exceeded the OELs. For the remaining workplaces examined, the dust concentration was lower than OELs limits. The number of microorganisms in the dust samples was 3.8 × 10 2 –1.6 × 10 8 CFU/g bacteria and 1.5 × 10 2 –6.5 × 10 6 CFU/g fungi. The highest number of microorganisms was noted for dust from cultivated areas (total number of bacteria, actinomycetes, P. fluorescens ) and composting plants (xerophilic fungi and staphylococci), while the least number of microorganisms was observed for dust from cement plants. Many types of potentially pathogenic microorganisms have been identified, including bacteria, such as Bacillus , Actinomyces , Corynebacterium , Prevotella , Clostridium , and Rickettsia , and fungi, such as Alternaria , Cladosporium , Penicillium , and Aspergillus . The most cytotoxic to the human lung cell line A-549 was dust from cultivated areas (IC 50 = 3.8 mg/mL after 72 h). The cytotoxicity of the tested dust samples depends on the PM concentration, the number of microorganisms, including potentially pathogenic genera, and the exposure time.

Suggested Citation

  • Beata Gutarowska & Justyna Szulc & Adriana Nowak & Anna Otlewska & Małgorzata Okrasa & Anita Jachowicz & Katarzyna Majchrzycka, 2018. "Dust at Various Workplaces—Microbiological and Toxicological Threats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:5:p:877-:d:143673
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adriana Nowak & Katarzyna Matusiak & Sebastian Borowski & Tadeusz Bakuła & Sebastian Opaliński & Roman Kołacz & Beata Gutarowska, 2016. "Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Justyna Skóra & Katarzyna Matusiak & Piotr Wojewódzki & Adriana Nowak & Michael Sulyok & Anna Ligocka & Małgorzata Okrasa & Janusz Hermann & Beata Gutarowska, 2016. "Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Justyna Szulc & Anna Otlewska & Małgorzata Okrasa & Katarzyna Majchrzycka & Michael Sulyok & Beata Gutarowska, 2017. "Microbiological Contamination at Workplaces in a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Station Processing Plant Biomass," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-18, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anita Jachowicz & Katarzyna Majchrzycka & Justyna Szulc & Małgorzata Okrasa & Beata Gutarowska, 2019. "Survival of Microorganisms on Filtering Respiratory Protective Devices Used at Agricultural Facilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Katarzyna Majchrzycka & Małgorzata Okrasa & Anita Jachowicz & Justyna Szulc & Beata Gutarowska, 2018. "Microbial Growth on Dust-Loaded Filtering Materials Used for the Protection of Respiratory Tract as a Factor Affecting Filtration Efficiency," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, September.

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