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Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure

Author

Listed:
  • Adriana Nowak

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Matusiak

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Sebastian Borowski

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Tadeusz Bakuła

    (Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Sebastian Opaliński

    (Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Roman Kołacz

    (Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Beata Gutarowska

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

Long-term exposure and inhalation of odorous compounds from poultry manure can be harmful to farm workers and the surrounding residents as well as animals. The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxicity and IC 50 values of common odorous compounds such as ammonium, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, butyric acid, phenol, and indole in the chick liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line LMH ( Leghorn Male Hepatoma ), in vitro, using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and PrestoBlue cytotoxicity assays. The cells were microscopically examined for any morphological changes post treatment. Dimethylamine exhibited the strongest cytotoxic effect on LMH cells with an IC 50 value of 0.06% and 0.04% after an exposure of 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Both ammonium and trimethylamine had comparable cytotoxicity and their IC 50 values were 0.08% and 0.04% after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Of note, indole had the lowest cytotoxicity as the majority of cells were viable even after 72 h exposure. Thus, the IC 50 for indole was not calculated. Results achieved from both MTT and PrestoBlue assays were comparable. Moreover, the morphological changes induced by the tested odours in LMH cells resulted in monolayer destruction, cytoplasm vacuolisation, chromatin condensation, and changes in nucleus and cell shape. Our study showed harmful effects of odorous compounds in chick tissues.

Suggested Citation

  • Adriana Nowak & Katarzyna Matusiak & Sebastian Borowski & Tadeusz Bakuła & Sebastian Opaliński & Roman Kołacz & Beata Gutarowska, 2016. "Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:11:p:1046-:d:81474
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Adriana Nowak & Tadeusz Bakuła & Katarzyna Matusiak & Remigiusz Gałęcki & Sebastian Borowski & Beata Gutarowska, 2017. "Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure Induce DNA Damage, Nuclear Changes, and Decrease Cell Membrane Integrity in Chicken Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Beata Gutarowska & Justyna Szulc & Adriana Nowak & Anna Otlewska & Małgorzata Okrasa & Anita Jachowicz & Katarzyna Majchrzycka, 2018. "Dust at Various Workplaces—Microbiological and Toxicological Threats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, April.

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