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Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure Induce DNA Damage, Nuclear Changes, and Decrease Cell Membrane Integrity in Chicken Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Adriana Nowak

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Tadeusz Bakuła

    (Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Matusiak

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Remigiusz Gałęcki

    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Sebastian Borowski

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

  • Beata Gutarowska

    (Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland)

Abstract

Animal breeding and management of organic wastes pose a serious problem to the health of livestock and workers, as well as the nearby residents. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms of toxicity of selected common odorous compounds from poultry manure, including ammonia, dimethylamine (DMA), trimethylamine (TMA), butyric acid, phenol, and indole. We measured their genotoxic and cytotoxic activity in the model chicken cell line (LMH), in vitro, by comet assay and lactate dehydrogenase assay, respectively. We also made microscopic observations of any morphological changes in these cells by DAPI staining. Four compounds, namely ammonia, DMA, TMA, and butyric acid increased DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner ( p < 0.05), reaching genotoxicity as high as 73.2 ± 1.9%. Phenol and indole induced extensive DNA damage independent of the concentration used. Ammonia, DMA, and TMA caused a dose-dependent release of lactate dehydrogenase ( p < 0.05). The IC 50 values were 0.02%, 0.05%, and 0.1% for DMA, ammonia and TMA, respectively. These compounds also induced nuclear morphological changes, such as chromatin condensation, shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation (apoptotic bodies), and chromatin lysis. Our study exhibited the damaging effects of odorous compounds in chick LMH cell line.

Suggested Citation

  • Adriana Nowak & Tadeusz Bakuła & Katarzyna Matusiak & Remigiusz Gałęcki & Sebastian Borowski & Beata Gutarowska, 2017. "Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure Induce DNA Damage, Nuclear Changes, and Decrease Cell Membrane Integrity in Chicken Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:8:p:933-:d:108892
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adriana Nowak & Katarzyna Matusiak & Sebastian Borowski & Tadeusz Bakuła & Sebastian Opaliński & Roman Kołacz & Beata Gutarowska, 2016. "Cytotoxicity of Odorous Compounds from Poultry Manure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, October.
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