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Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms

Author

Listed:
  • Justyna Skóra

    (Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90 924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Matusiak

    (Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90 924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Piotr Wojewódzki

    (Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Technology and Life Science in Bydgoszcz, 85 796 Bydgoszcz, Poland)

  • Adriana Nowak

    (Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90 924 Łódź, Poland)

  • Michael Sulyok

    (Department of Agrobiotechnology, Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria)

  • Anna Ligocka

    (Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, University of Technology and Life Science in Bydgoszcz, 85 796 Bydgoszcz, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Okrasa

    (Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection, National Research Institute, 00 701 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Janusz Hermann

    (Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Technology and Life Science in Bydgoszcz, 85 796 Bydgoszcz, Poland)

  • Beata Gutarowska

    (Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, 90 924 Łódź, Poland)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbiological and chemical contamination in settled dust at poultry farms. The scope of research included evaluating the contributions of the various granulometric fractions in settled dust samples, assessing microbial contamination using culture methods, concentrations of secondary metabolites in dust and their cytotoxicity against hepatocyte chicken cells by means of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tests. In addition, we also evaluated the concentration of selected volatile odorous compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods and airborne dust concentration in the air with DustTrak™ DRX Aerosol Monitor. Studies were carried out on chicken broilers and laying hens at 13 poultry farms, with numbers of birds ranging from 8000 to 42,000. The airborne total dust concentration at poultry farms averaged 1.44 mg/m 3 with a high percentage of the PM 10 fraction (particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 μm). Microorganism concentrations in the settled dust were: 3.2 × 10 9 cfu/g for bacteria and 1.2 × 10 6 cfu/g for fungi. Potential pathogens ( Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli , Salmonella spp., Aspergillus fumigatus , Paecilomyces variotii ) were also found. Secondary metabolites included aurofusarin, deoxynivalenol, 15-hydroxyculmorin zearalenone, zearalenone-sulfate, infectopyron, and neochinulin A. However, the dust samples showed weak cytotoxicity towards chicken hepatocyte cells, which ranged between 9.2% and 29.7%. Among volatile odorous compounds ammonia, acrolein, methyloamine, acetic acid, acetoaldehyde and formaldehyde were detected in the air. In conclusion, settled dust can be a carrier of microorganisms, odours and secondary metabolites in poultry farms, which can be harmful to workers’ health.

Suggested Citation

  • Justyna Skóra & Katarzyna Matusiak & Piotr Wojewódzki & Adriana Nowak & Michael Sulyok & Anna Ligocka & Małgorzata Okrasa & Janusz Hermann & Beata Gutarowska, 2016. "Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:2:p:192-:d:63426
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Egide Kalisa & Stephen Archer & Edward Nagato & Elias Bizuru & Kevin Lee & Ning Tang & Stephen Pointing & Kazuichi Hayakawa & Donnabella Lacap-Bugler, 2019. "Chemical and Biological Components of Urban Aerosols in Africa: Current Status and Knowledge Gaps," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Leah Baskin-Graves & Haley Mullen & Aaron Aber & Jair Sinisterra & Kamran Ayub & Roxana Amaya-Fuentes & Sacoby Wilson, 2019. "Rapid Health Impact Assessment of a Proposed Poultry Processing Plant in Millsboro, Delaware," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Beata Gutarowska & Justyna Szulc & Adriana Nowak & Anna Otlewska & Małgorzata Okrasa & Anita Jachowicz & Katarzyna Majchrzycka, 2018. "Dust at Various Workplaces—Microbiological and Toxicological Threats," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Ivica Ravić & Mario Ostović & Anamaria Ekert Kabalin & Matija Kovačić & Kristina Matković & Željko Gottstein & Danijela Horvatek Tomić, 2024. "Dust and Bacterial Air Contamination in a Broiler House in Summer and Winter," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-10, May.
    5. Małgorzata Okrasa & Justyna Szulc & Agnieszka Brochocka & Beata Gutarowska, 2021. "Application of Olfactometry to Assess the Anti-Odor Properties of Filtering Facepiece Respirators Containing Activated Carbon Nonwovens," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-12, August.

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