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Emerging Mosquito-Borne Threats and the Response from European and Eastern Mediterranean Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Nicholas Johnson

    (Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addelstone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
    Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK)

  • Mar Fernández de Marco

    (Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addelstone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK)

  • Armando Giovannini

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Carla Ippoliti

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Maria Luisa Danzetta

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy)

  • Gili Svartz

    (Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, POB 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel)

  • Oran Erster

    (Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, POB 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel)

  • Martin H. Groschup

    (Friedrich-Loeffler-Insitut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany)

  • Ute Ziegler

    (Friedrich-Loeffler-Insitut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany)

  • Ali Mirazimi

    (Karolinska Institute, Nobel vägsalle, 16161 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Vanessa Monteil

    (Karolinska Institute, Nobel vägsalle, 16161 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Cecile Beck

    (UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France)

  • Gaelle Gonzalez

    (UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France)

  • Sylvie Lecollinet

    (UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France)

  • Houssam Attoui

    (UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France)

  • Sara Moutailler

    (UMR BIPAR, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France)

Abstract

Mosquito-borne viruses are the cause of some of the greatest burdens to human health worldwide, particularly in tropical regions where both human populations and mosquito numbers are abundant. Due to a combination of anthropogenic change, including the effects on global climate and wildlife migration there is strong evidence that temperate regions are undergoing repeated introduction of mosquito-borne viruses and the re-emergence of viruses that previously were not detected by surveillance. In Europe, the repeated introductions of West Nile and Usutu viruses have been associated with bird migration from Africa, whereas the autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue viruses has been driven by a combination of invasive mosquitoes and rapid transcontinental travel by infected humans. In addition to an increasing number of humans at risk, livestock and wildlife, are also at risk of infection and disease. This in turn can affect international trade and species diversity, respectively. Addressing these challenges requires a range of responses both at national and international level. Increasing the understanding of mosquito-borne transmission of viruses and the development of rapid detection methods and appropriate therapeutics (vaccines / antivirals) all form part of this response. The aim of this review is to consider the range of mosquito-borne viruses that threaten public health in Europe and the eastern Mediterranean, and the national response of a number of countries facing different levels of threat.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicholas Johnson & Mar Fernández de Marco & Armando Giovannini & Carla Ippoliti & Maria Luisa Danzetta & Gili Svartz & Oran Erster & Martin H. Groschup & Ute Ziegler & Ali Mirazimi & Vanessa Monteil &, 2018. "Emerging Mosquito-Borne Threats and the Response from European and Eastern Mediterranean Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2775-:d:188702
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Suk, J.E. & Semenza, J.C., 2011. "Future infectious disease threats to Europe," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(11), pages 2068-2079.
    2. Olivier Engler & Giovanni Savini & Anna Papa & Jordi Figuerola & Martin H. Groschup & Helge Kampen & Jolyon Medlock & Alexander Vaux & Anthony J. Wilson & Doreen Werner & Hanna Jöst & Maria Goffredo &, 2013. "European Surveillance for West Nile Virus in Mosquito Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-27, October.
    3. Friederike Michel & Dominik Fischer & Martin Eiden & Christine Fast & Maximilian Reuschel & Kerstin Müller & Monika Rinder & Sylvia Urbaniak & Florian Brandes & Rebekka Schwehn & Renke Lühken & Martin, 2018. "West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kornélia Kurucz & Mattia Manica & Luca Delucchi & Gábor Kemenesi & Giovanni Marini, 2020. "Dynamics and Distribution of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes koreicus in a Temperate European City," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-9, April.
    2. Véronique Chevalier & Maud Marsot & Sophie Molia & Harena Rasamoelina & René Rakotondravao & Miguel Pedrono & Steeve Lowenski & Benoit Durand & Sylvie Lecollinet & Cécile Beck, 2020. "Serological Evidence of West Nile and Usutu Viruses Circulation in Domestic and Wild Birds in Wetlands of Mali and Madagascar in 2008," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-14, March.

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