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Management Effectiveness of a Secondary Coniferous Forest for Landscape Appreciation and Psychological Restoration

Author

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  • Norimasa Takayama

    (Division of Forest Management, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute in JAPAN, 1 Matsuno-sato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan)

  • Akio Fujiwara

    (Fuji Iyashinomoroi Woodland Study Center, the University of Tokyo, 341-2 Yamanaka, Yamanakako Village, Minami-tsuru, Yamanashi 401-0501, Japan)

  • Haruo Saito

    (Fuji Iyashinomoroi Woodland Study Center, the University of Tokyo, 341-2 Yamanaka, Yamanakako Village, Minami-tsuru, Yamanashi 401-0501, Japan)

  • Masahiro Horiuchi

    (Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, 5597-1 Kami-yoshida, Fuji-yoshida, Yamanashi 403-0005, Japan)

Abstract

We investigated the influence of forest management on landscape appreciation and psychological restoration in on-site settings by exposing respondents to an unmanaged, dense coniferous (crowding) forest and a managed (thinned) coniferous forest; we set the two experimental settings in the forests of the Fuji Iyashinomoroi Woodland Study Center. The respondents were individually exposed to both settings while sitting for 15 min and were required to answer three questionnaires to analyze the psychological restorative effects before and after the experiment (feeling (the Profile of Mood States), affect (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), and subjective restorativeness (the Restorative Outcome Scale). To compare landscape appreciation, they were required to answer another two questionnaires only after the experiment, for scene appreciation (the semantic differential scale) and for the restorative properties of each environment (the Perceived Restorativeness Scale). Finally, we obtained these findings: (1) the respondents evaluated each forest environment highly differently and evaluated the thinned forest setting more positively; (2) the respondents’ impressions of the two physical environments did not appear to be accurately reflected in their evaluations; (3) forest environments have potential restorative effects whether or not they are managed, but these effects can be partially enhanced by managing the forests.

Suggested Citation

  • Norimasa Takayama & Akio Fujiwara & Haruo Saito & Masahiro Horiuchi, 2017. "Management Effectiveness of a Secondary Coniferous Forest for Landscape Appreciation and Psychological Restoration," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-22, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:7:p:800-:d:105071
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniela Haluza & Regina Schönbauer & Renate Cervinka, 2014. "Green Perspectives for Public Health: A Narrative Review on the Physiological Effects of Experiencing Outdoor Nature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-17, May.
    2. Hiroko Ochiai & Harumi Ikei & Chorong Song & Maiko Kobayashi & Takashi Miura & Takahide Kagawa & Qing Li & Shigeyoshi Kumeda & Michiko Imai & Yoshifumi Miyazaki, 2015. "Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Middle-Aged Females," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Norimasa Takayama & Kalevi Korpela & Juyoung Lee & Takeshi Morikawa & Yuko Tsunetsugu & Bum-Jin Park & Qing Li & Liisa Tyrväinen & Yoshifumi Miyazaki & Takahide Kagawa, 2014. "Emotional, Restorative and Vitalizing Effects of Forest and Urban Environments at Four Sites in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-24, July.
    4. Hiroko Ochiai & Harumi Ikei & Chorong Song & Maiko Kobayashi & Ako Takamatsu & Takashi Miura & Takahide Kagawa & Qing Li & Shigeyoshi Kumeda & Michiko Imai & Yoshifumi Miyazaki, 2015. "Physiological and Psychological Effects of Forest Therapy on Middle-Aged Males with High-Normal Blood Pressure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-11, February.
    5. Masahiro Horiuchi & Junko Endo & Norimasa Takayama & Kazutaka Murase & Norio Nishiyama & Haruo Saito & Akio Fujiwara, 2014. "Impact of Viewing vs . Not Viewing a Real Forest on Physiological and Psychological Responses in the Same Setting," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bowditch, Euan. A.D. & McMorran, Rob & Smith, Melanie. A., 2023. "Right connection, right insight engaging private estate managers on woodland expansion issues in times of uncertainty," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    2. Fiona Nevzati & Martti Veldi & Mart Külvik & Simon Bell, 2023. "Analysis of Landscape Character Assessment and Cultural Ecosystem Services Evaluation Frameworks for Peri-Urban Landscape Planning: A Case Study of Harku Municipality, Estonia," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, September.
    3. Emilia Janeczko & Krzysztof Czyżyk & Małgorzata Woźnicka & Tomasz Dudek & Jitka Fialova & Natalia Korcz, 2024. "The Importance of Forest Management in Psychological Restoration: Exploring the Effects of Landscape Change in a Suburban Forest," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Norimasa Takayama & Takeshi Morikawa & Kazuko Koga & Yoichi Miyazaki & Kenichi Harada & Keiko Fukumoto & Yuji Tsujiki, 2022. "Exploring the Physiological and Psychological Effects of Digital Shinrin-Yoku and Its Characteristics as a Restorative Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-18, January.
    5. Ernest Bielinis & Jenni Simkin & Pasi Puttonen & Liisa Tyrväinen, 2020. "Effect of Viewing Video Representation of the Urban Environment and Forest Environment on Mood and Level of Procrastination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-23, July.
    6. Jenni Simkin & Ann Ojala & Liisa Tyrväinen, 2021. "The Perceived Restorativeness of Differently Managed Forests and Its Association with Forest Qualities and Individual Variables: A Field Experiment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-26, January.

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