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Impact of Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Acute Respiratory Outcomes

Author

Listed:
  • Ran Li

    (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ning Jiang

    (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Qichen Liu

    (School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jing Huang

    (School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Xinbiao Guo

    (School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Fan Liu

    (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Zhancheng Gao

    (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China)

Abstract

The air pollution in China is a severe problem. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of air pollutants on acute respiratory outcomes in outpatients. Outpatient data from 2 December 2013 to 1 December 2014 were collected, as well as air pollutant data including ozone (O 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ). We screened six categories of acute respiratory outcomes and analyzed their associations with different air pollutant exposures, including upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), acute bronchitis (AB), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), acute exacerbation of asthma (AE-asthma), and acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis (AEBX). A case-crossover design with a bidirectional control sampling approach was used for statistical analysis. A total of 57,144 patients were enrolled for analysis. PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , and CO exposures were positively associated with outpatient visits for URTI, AB, CAP, and AEBX. PM 10 , SO 2 , and CO exposures were positively associated with outpatient visits for AECOPD. Exposure to O 3 was positively associated with outpatient visits for AE-asthma, but negatively associated with outpatient visits for URTI, CAP, and AEBX. In conclusion, air pollutants had acute effects on outpatient visits for acute respiratory outcomes, with specific outcomes associated with specific pollutants.

Suggested Citation

  • Ran Li & Ning Jiang & Qichen Liu & Jing Huang & Xinbiao Guo & Fan Liu & Zhancheng Gao, 2017. "Impact of Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Acute Respiratory Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:1:p:47-:d:86982
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meng-Hsuan Cheng & Hui-Fen Chiu & Chun-Yuh Yang, 2015. "Coarse Particulate Air Pollution Associated with Increased Risk of Hospital Admissions for Respiratory Diseases in a Tropical City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Peng Liu & Xining Wang & Jiayin Fan & Wenxin Xiao & Yan Wang, 2016. "Effects of Air Pollution on Hospital Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases: Urban-Suburban Differences in Eastern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Shang-Shyue Tsai & Chih-Ching Chang & Chun-Yuh Yang, 2013. "Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Hospital Admissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case-Crossover Study in Taipei," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yunfei Cheng & Tatiana Ermolieva & Gui-Ying Cao & Xiaoying Zheng, 2018. "Health Impacts of Exposure to Gaseous Pollutants and Particulate Matter in Beijing—A Non-Linear Analysis Based on the New Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Vera Ling Hui Phung & Kayo Ueda & Shunji Kasaoka & Xerxes Seposo & Saira Tasmin & Shinichi Yonemochi & Arthit Phosri & Akiko Honda & Hirohisa Takano & Takehiro Michikawa & Hiroshi Nitta, 2018. "Acute Effects of Ambient PM 2.5 on All-Cause and Cause-Specific Emergency Ambulance Dispatches in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Yachuan Liu & Shanen Chen & Jian Xu & Xiaojian Liu & Yongsheng Wu & Lin Zhou & Jinquan Cheng & Hanwu Ma & Jing Zheng & Denan Lin & Li Zhang & Lili Chen, 2018. "The Association between Air Pollution and Outpatient and Inpatient Visits in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-10, January.

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