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The Association between Air Pollution and Outpatient and Inpatient Visits in Shenzhen, China

Author

Listed:
  • Yachuan Liu

    (Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
    These authors contributed equally in this work and they are co-first authors.)

  • Shanen Chen

    (Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    These authors contributed equally in this work and they are co-first authors.)

  • Jian Xu

    (IBM Research China, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Xiaojian Liu

    (Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518073, China)

  • Yongsheng Wu

    (Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518073, China)

  • Lin Zhou

    (Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518073, China)

  • Jinquan Cheng

    (Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518073, China)

  • Hanwu Ma

    (Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518073, China)

  • Jing Zheng

    (Medical Information Center of Shenzhen Municipality, Shenzhen 518055, China)

  • Denan Lin

    (Medical Information Center of Shenzhen Municipality, Shenzhen 518055, China)

  • Li Zhang

    (IBM Research China, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Lili Chen

    (IBM Research China, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract

Nowadays, air pollution is a severe environmental problem in China. To investigate the effects of ambient air pollution on health, a time series analysis of daily outpatient and inpatient visits in 2015 were conducted in Shenzhen (China). Generalized additive model was employed to analyze associations between six air pollutants (namely SO 2 , CO, NO 2 , O 3 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 ) and daily outpatient and inpatient visits after adjusting confounding meteorological factors, time and day of the week effects. Significant associations between air pollutants and two types of hospital visits were observed. The estimated increase in overall outpatient visits associated with each 10 µg/m 3 increase in air pollutant concentration ranged from 0.48% (O 3 at lag 2) to 11.48% (SO 2 with 2-day moving average); for overall inpatient visits ranged from 0.73% (O 3 at lag 7) to 17.13% (SO 2 with 8-day moving average). Our results also suggested a heterogeneity of the health effects across different outcomes and in different populations. The findings in present study indicate that even in Shenzhen, a less polluted area in China, significant associations exist between air pollution and daily number of overall outpatient and inpatient visits.

Suggested Citation

  • Yachuan Liu & Shanen Chen & Jian Xu & Xiaojian Liu & Yongsheng Wu & Lin Zhou & Jinquan Cheng & Hanwu Ma & Jing Zheng & Denan Lin & Li Zhang & Lili Chen, 2018. "The Association between Air Pollution and Outpatient and Inpatient Visits in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-10, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:2:p:178-:d:128188
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ran Li & Ning Jiang & Qichen Liu & Jing Huang & Xinbiao Guo & Fan Liu & Zhancheng Gao, 2017. "Impact of Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Acute Respiratory Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, January.
    2. Chi Zhang, 2017. "Population in China," Europe-Asia Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 69(8), pages 1333-1334, September.
    3. Andreas Richter & John P. Burrows & Hendrik Nüß & Claire Granier & Ulrike Niemeier, 2005. "Increase in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide over China observed from space," Nature, Nature, vol. 437(7055), pages 129-132, September.
    4. Xiaolin Xia & An Zhang & Shi Liang & Qingwen Qi & Lili Jiang & Yanjun Ye, 2017. "The Association between Air Pollution and Population Health Risk for Respiratory Infection: A Case Study of Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-12, August.
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