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Energy Management of an Off-Grid Hybrid Power Plant with Multiple Energy Storage Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Laura Tribioli

    (Department of Engineering, Niccolò Cusano University, via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy)

  • Raffaello Cozzolino

    (Department of Engineering, Niccolò Cusano University, via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy)

  • Luca Evangelisti

    (Department of Engineering, Niccolò Cusano University, via Don Carlo Gnocchi 3, 00166 Rome, Italy)

  • Gino Bella

    (Department of Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Orazio Raimondo 18, 00173 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

In this paper, an off-grid hybrid power plant with multiple storage systems for an artificial island is designed and two possible strategies for the management of the stored energy are proposed. Renewable power sources (wind/solar technologies) are used as primary power suppliers. A lead-acid battery pack (BAT) and a reversible polymer electrolyte fuel cell are employed to fulfill the power demand and to absorb extra power. The reversible fuel cell allows reducing costs and occupied space and the fuel cell can be fed by the pure hydrogen produced by means of its reversible operation as an electrolyzer. A diesel engine is employed as backup system. While HOMER Pro ® has been employed for a full-factorial-based optimization of the sizes of the renewable sources and the BAT, Matlab/Simulink ® has been later used for simulating the plant operation and compare two possible power management control strategies. For the reversible fuel cell sizing, a sensitivity analysis has been carried out varying stack and hydrogen tank sizes. The final choice for plant configuration and power management control strategy has been made on the basis of a comparative analysis of the results, aimed at minimizing fossil fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions, battery aging rate and at maximizing the power plant overall efficiency. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of realizing a renewable power plant, able to match the needs of electrical power in a remote area, by achieving a good integration of different energy sources and facing the intermittent nature of renewable power sources, with very low use of fossil fuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Laura Tribioli & Raffaello Cozzolino & Luca Evangelisti & Gino Bella, 2016. "Energy Management of an Off-Grid Hybrid Power Plant with Multiple Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-21, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:8:p:661-:d:76351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    4. Marco Sorrentino & Antonio Adamo & Gianmarco Nappi, 2019. "Self-Sufficient and Islanded-Oriented Design of a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell-Based Renewable Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-15, August.
    5. Giaouris, Damian & Papadopoulos, Athanasios I. & Patsios, Charalampos & Walker, Sara & Ziogou, Chrysovalantou & Taylor, Phil & Voutetakis, Spyros & Papadopoulou, Simira & Seferlis, Panos, 2018. "A systems approach for management of microgrids considering multiple energy carriers, stochastic loads, forecasting and demand side response," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 546-559.
    6. Fu-Cheng Wang & Yi-Shao Hsiao & Yi-Zhe Yang, 2018. "The Optimization of Hybrid Power Systems with Renewable Energy and Hydrogen Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-19, July.
    7. James Hamilton & Michael Negnevitsky & Xiaolin Wang, 2018. "Economics of Renewable Energy Integration and Energy Storage via Low Load Diesel Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-13, April.
    8. Mendecka, Barbara & Tribioli, Laura & Cozzolino, Raffaello, 2020. "Life Cycle Assessment of a stand-alone solar-based polygeneration power plant for a commercial building in different climate zones," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1132-1143.
    9. Nicu Bizon & Mihai Oproescu, 2018. "Experimental Comparison of Three Real-Time Optimization Strategies Applied to Renewable/FC-Based Hybrid Power Systems Based on Load-Following Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-32, December.
    10. Mendecka, Barbara & Chiappini, Daniele & Tribioli, Laura & Cozzolino, Raffaello, 2021. "A biogas-solar based hybrid off-grid power plant with multiple storages for United States commercial buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 705-722.
    11. Cozzolino, Raffaello & Chiappini, Daniele & Tribioli, Laura, 2021. "Off-grid PV/URFC power plant fueled with biogas from food waste: An energetic and economic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    12. Quitoras, Marvin Rhey & Campana, Pietro Elia & Rowley, Paul & Crawford, Curran, 2020. "Remote community integrated energy system optimization including building enclosure improvements and quantitative energy trilemma metrics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    13. Mendecka, Barbara & Cozzolino, Raffaello & Leveni, Martina & Bella, Gino, 2019. "Energetic and exergetic performance evaluation of a solar cooling and heating system assisted with thermal storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 816-829.
    14. Wiegner, J.F. & Andreasson, L.M. & Kusters, J.E.H. & Nienhuis, R.M., 2024. "Interdisciplinary perspectives on offshore energy system integration in the North Sea: A systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    15. Facci, Andrea L. & Ubertini, Stefano, 2018. "Analysis of a fuel cell combined heat and power plant under realistic smart management scenarios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 60-72.
    16. Konara, K.M.S.Y. & Kolhe, Mohan & Sharma, Arvind, 2020. "Power flow management controller within a grid connected photovoltaic based active generator as a finite state machine using hierarchical approach with droop characteristics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 1021-1031.
    17. Loreti, Gabriele & Facci, Andrea L. & Baffo, Ilaria & Ubertini, Stefano, 2019. "Combined heat, cooling, and power systems based on half effect absorption chillers and polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 747-760.

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