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A Mathematical Model and Its Application for Hydro Power Units under Different Operating Conditions

Author

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  • Weijia Yang

    (The State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
    Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden)

  • Jiandong Yang

    (The State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Wencheng Guo

    (The State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Wei Zeng

    (The State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Chao Wang

    (The State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

  • Linn Saarinen

    (Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden
    Vattenfall Research and Development, Älvkarleby SE-814 26, Sweden)

  • Per Norrlund

    (Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751 21, Sweden
    Vattenfall Research and Development, Älvkarleby SE-814 26, Sweden)

Abstract

This paper presents a mathematical model of hydro power units, especially the governor system model for different operating conditions, based on the basic version of the software TOPSYS. The mathematical model consists of eight turbine equations, one generator equation, and one governor equation, which are solved for ten unknown variables. The generator and governor equations, which are different under various operating conditions, are presented and discussed in detail. All the essential non-linear factors in the governor system (dead-zone, saturation, rate limiting, and backlash) are also considered. Case studies are conducted based on one Swedish hydro power plant (HPP) and three Chinese plants. The simulation and on-site measurements are compared for start-up, no-load operation, normal operation, and load rejection in different control modes (frequency, opening, and power feedback). The main error in each simulation is also discussed in detail. As a result, the model application is proved trustworthy for simulating different physical quantities of the unit (e.g., guide vane opening, active power, rotation speed, and pressures at volute and draft tube). The model has already been applied effectively in consultant analyses and scientific studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Weijia Yang & Jiandong Yang & Wencheng Guo & Wei Zeng & Chao Wang & Linn Saarinen & Per Norrlund, 2015. "A Mathematical Model and Its Application for Hydro Power Units under Different Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:8:y:2015:i:9:p:10260-10275:d:55907
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yun Zeng & Yakun Guo & Lixiang Zhang & Tianmao Xu & Hongkui Dong, 2013. "Nonlinear hydro turbine model having a surge tank," Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 12-28.
    2. Kishor, Nand & Saini, R.P. & Singh, S.P., 2007. "A review on hydropower plant models and control," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(5), pages 776-796, June.
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