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Contribution of Vertical Methane Flux to Shallow Sediment Carbon Pools across Porangahau Ridge, New Zealand

Author

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  • Richard B. Coffin

    (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
    Current Address: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.)

  • Leila J. Hamdan

    (Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA)

  • Joseph P. Smith

    (United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA)

  • Paula S. Rose

    (Naval Research Laboratory, National Research Council, Washington, DC 20375, USA
    Current Address: Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University—Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.)

  • Rebecca E. Plummer

    (Department of Geology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA)

  • Brandon Yoza

    (Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA)

  • Ingo Pecher

    (School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

  • Michael T. Montgomery

    (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA)

Abstract

Moderate elevated vertical methane (CH 4 ) flux is associated with sediment accretion and raised fluid expulsion at the Hikurangi subduction margin, located along the northeast coast of New Zealand. This focused CH 4 flux contributes to the cycling of inorganic and organic carbon in solid phase sediment and pore water. Along a 7 km offshore transect across the Porangahau Ridge, vertical CH 4 flux rates range from 11.4 mmol·m −2 ·a −1 off the ridge to 82.6 mmol·m −2 ·a −1 at the ridge base. Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ 13 C) in pore water and sediment were variable across the ridge suggesting close proximity of heterogeneous carbon sources. Methane stable carbon isotope ratios ranging from −107.9‰ to −60.5‰ and a C1:C2 of 3000 indicate a microbial, or biogenic, source. Near ridge, average δ 13 C for pore water and sediment inorganic carbon were 13 C-depleted (−28.7‰ and −7.9‰, respectively) relative to all core subsamples (−19.9‰ and −2.4‰, respectively) suggesting localized anaerobic CH 4 oxidation and precipitation of authigenic carbonates. Through the transect there was low contribution from anaerobic oxidation of CH 4 to organic carbon pools; for all cores δ 13 C values of pore water dissolved organic carbon and sediment organic carbon averaged −24.4‰ and −22.1‰, respectively. Anaerobic oxidation of CH 4 contributed to pore water and sediment organic carbon near the ridge as evidenced by carbon isotope values as low as to −42.8‰ and −24.7‰, respectively. Carbon concentration and isotope analyses distinguished contributions from CH 4 and phytodetrital carbon sources across the ridge and show a low methane contribution to organic carbon.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard B. Coffin & Leila J. Hamdan & Joseph P. Smith & Paula S. Rose & Rebecca E. Plummer & Brandon Yoza & Ingo Pecher & Michael T. Montgomery, 2014. "Contribution of Vertical Methane Flux to Shallow Sediment Carbon Pools across Porangahau Ridge, New Zealand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-25, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:7:y:2014:i:8:p:5332-5356:d:39298
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Antje Boetius & Katrin Ravenschlag & Carsten J. Schubert & Dirk Rickert & Friedrich Widdel & Armin Gieseke & Rudolf Amann & Bo Barker Jørgensen & Ursula Witte & Olaf Pfannkuche, 2000. "A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane," Nature, Nature, vol. 407(6804), pages 623-626, October.
    2. Miguel A. Goñi & Kathleen C. Ruttenberg & Timothy I. Eglinton, 1997. "Sources and contribution of terrigenous organic carbon to surface sediments in the Gulf of Mexico," Nature, Nature, vol. 389(6648), pages 275-278, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Richard B. Coffin & Gareth Crutchley & Ingo Pecher & Brandon Yoza & Thomas J. Boyd & Joshu Mountjoy, 2022. "Porewater Geochemical Assessment of Seismic Indications for Gas Hydrate Presence and Absence: Mahia Slope, East of New Zealand’s North Island," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Richard B. Coffin & Christopher L. Osburn & Rebecca E. Plummer & Joseph P. Smith & Paula S. Rose & Kenneth S. Grabowski, 2015. "Deep Sediment-Sourced Methane Contribution to Shallow Sediment Organic Carbon: Atwater Valley, Texas-Louisiana Shelf, Gulf of Mexico," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Richard B. Coffin & Joseph P. Smith & Brandon Yoza & Thomas J. Boyd & Michael T. Montgomery, 2017. "Spatial Variation in Sediment Organic Carbon Distribution across the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Shelf," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Joseph P. Smith & Richard B. Coffin, 2014. "Methane Flux and Authigenic Carbonate in Shallow Sediments Overlying Methane Hydrate Bearing Strata in Alaminos Canyon, Gulf of Mexico," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-24, September.

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