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Effects of Biomass Feedstocks and Gasification Conditions on the Physiochemical Properties of Char

Author

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  • Kezhen Qian

    (Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Department, and the Biobased Products and Energy Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

  • Ajay Kumar

    (Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Department, and the Biobased Products and Energy Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

  • Krushna Patil

    (Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Department, and the Biobased Products and Energy Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

  • Danielle Bellmer

    (Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Department, and the Biobased Products and Energy Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

  • Donghai Wang

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA)

  • Wenqiao Yuan

    (Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA)

  • Raymond L. Huhnke

    (Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Department, and the Biobased Products and Energy Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA)

Abstract

Char is a low-value byproduct of biomass gasification and pyrolysis with many potential applications, such as soil amendment and the synthesis of activated carbon and carbon-based catalysts. Considering these high-value applications, char could provide economic benefits to a biorefinery utilizing gasification or pyrolysis technologies. However, the properties of char depend heavily on biomass feedstock, gasifier design and operating conditions. This paper reports the effects of biomass type (switchgrass, sorghum straw and red cedar) and equivalence ratio (0.20, 0.25 and 0.28), i.e. , the ratio of air supply relative to the air that is required for stoichiometric combustion of biomass, on the physiochemical properties of char derived from gasification. Results show that the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas of most of the char were 1–10 m 2 /g and increased as the equivalence ratio increased. Char moisture and fixed carbon contents decreased while ash content increased as equivalence ratio increased. The corresponding Fourier Transform Infrared spectra showed that the surface functional groups of char differed between biomass types but remained similar with change in equivalence ratio.

Suggested Citation

  • Kezhen Qian & Ajay Kumar & Krushna Patil & Danielle Bellmer & Donghai Wang & Wenqiao Yuan & Raymond L. Huhnke, 2013. "Effects of Biomass Feedstocks and Gasification Conditions on the Physiochemical Properties of Char," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:6:y:2013:i:8:p:3972-3986:d:27770
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Duo & Yuan, Wenqiao & Ji, Wei, 2011. "Char and char-supported nickel catalysts for secondary syngas cleanup and conditioning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1656-1663, May.
    2. Ajay Kumar & David D. Jones & Milford A. Hanna, 2009. "Thermochemical Biomass Gasification: A Review of the Current Status of the Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-26, July.
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