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Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction

Author

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  • Jaya Shankar Tumuluru

    (Idaho National Laboratory, Energy Systems and Technologies Directorate, Biofuels and Renewable Energies Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2025, USA)

  • Richard D. Boardman

    (Idaho National Laboratory, Energy Systems and Technologies Directorate, Biofuels and Renewable Energies Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2025, USA)

  • Christopher T. Wright

    (Idaho National Laboratory, Energy Systems and Technologies Directorate, Biofuels and Renewable Energies Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2025, USA)

  • J. Richard Hess

    (Idaho National Laboratory, Energy Systems and Technologies Directorate, Biofuels and Renewable Energies Department, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2025, USA)

Abstract

Torrefaction tests on miscanthus and white oak sawdust were conducted in a bubbling sand bed reactor to see the effect of temperature and residence time on the chemical composition. Process conditions for miscanthus and white oak sawdust were 250–350 °C for 30–120 min and 220–270 °C for 30 min, respectively. Torrefaction of miscanthus at 250 °C and a residence time of 30 min resulted in a significant decrease in moisture—about 82.68%—but the other components—hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and volatiles—changed only marginally. Increasing torrefaction temperatures to 350 °C with a residence time of 120 min further reduced the moisture content to 0.54%, with a significant decrease in the hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatiles by 58.29%, 14.28%, and 70.45%, respectively. Regression equations developed for the moisture, hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatile content of the samples with respect to torrefaction temperature and time have adequately described the changes in chemical composition based on R 2 values of >0.82. Surface plots based on the regression equation indicate that torrefaction temperatures of 280–350 °C with residence times of 30–120 min can help reduce moisture, nitrogen, and volatile content from 1.13% to 0.6%, 0.27% to 0.23%, and 79% to 23%, with respect to initial values. Trends of chemical compositional changes in white oak sawdust are similar to miscanthus. Torrefaction temperatures of 270 °C and a 30 min residence time reduced the moisture, volatiles, hydrogen, and nitrogen content by about 79%, 17.88%, 20%, and 5.88%, respectively, whereas the carbon content increased by about 3.5%.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaya Shankar Tumuluru & Richard D. Boardman & Christopher T. Wright & J. Richard Hess, 2012. "Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(10), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:5:y:2012:i:10:p:3928-3947:d:20663
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shapouri, Hosein & Duffield, James A. & Wang, Michael Q., 2002. "The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update," Agricultural Economic Reports 34075, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    2. Adrian Knapczyk & Sławomir Francik & Marcin Jewiarz & Agnieszka Zawiślak & Renata Francik, 2020. "Thermal Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis—The Torrefaction Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-31, December.
    3. Nunes, L.J.R. & Matias, J.C.O. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2014. "A review on torrefied biomass pellets as a sustainable alternative to coal in power generation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 153-160.
    4. Joseph I. Orisaleye & Simeon O. Jekayinfa & Ralf Pecenka & Adebayo A. Ogundare & Michael O. Akinseloyin & Opeyemi L. Fadipe, 2022. "Investigation of the Effects of Torrefaction Temperature and Residence Time on the Fuel Quality of Corncobs in a Fixed-Bed Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-16, July.
    5. Jaya Shankar Tumuluru & C. Jim Lim & Xiaotao T. Bi & Xingya Kuang & Staffan Melin & Fahimeh Yazdanpanah & Shahab Sokhansanj, 2015. "Analysis on Storage Off-Gas Emissions from Woody, Herbaceous, and Torrefied Biomass," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-15, March.

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