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Comparison of Characteristics of Poultry Litter Pellets Obtained by the Processes of Dry and Wet Torrefaction

Author

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  • Rafail Isemin

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Alexander Mikhalev

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Oleg Milovanov

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Dmitry Klimov

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Vadim Kokh-Tatarenko

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Mathieu Brulé

    (Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece)

  • Fouzi Tabet

    (Opti’Tech, Schletterstrasse 12, 04107 Leipzig, Germany)

  • Artemy Nebyvaev

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Sergey Kuzmin

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

  • Valentin Konyakhin

    (Biocenter, Tambov State Technical University, Sovetskaya St. 106, 392000 Tambov, Russia)

Abstract

Torrefaction is a technology for the preliminary thermochemical treatment of biomass in order to improve its fuel characteristics. The aim of this work is to conduct comparative studies and select the optimal operating conditions of fluidized bed torrefaction for the processing of poultry litter (PL) into an environmentally friendly fuel. PL torrefaction was evaluated according to three different process configurations: (1) torrefaction of PL pellets in a fixed bed in a nitrogen medium at temperatures of 250 °C, 300 °C and 350 °C (NT1, NT2 and NT3); (2) torrefaction of PL pellets in a fluidized bed of quartz sand in a nitrogen medium at temperatures of 250 °C, 300 °C and 350 °C (NT4, NT5 and NT6); and (3) torrefaction of PL pellets in a fluidized bed of quartz sand in an environment of superheated steam at temperatures of 250 °C, 300 °C and 350 °C (ST1, ST2 and ST3). The duration of the torrefaction process in all experiments was determined by the time required for completion of CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and CH 4 release from the treated biomass samples. The gas analyzer (Vario Plus Syngaz) was used to measure the concentration of these gases. The torrefaction process began from the moment of loading the PL sample into the reactor, which was heated to the required temperature. After the start of the torrefaction process, the concentration of CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and CH 4 in the gases leaving the reactor initially increased and, subsequently, dropped sharply, indicating the completion of the torrefaction process. The chemical composition of the obtained biochar was studied, and it was found that the biochar contained approximately equal amounts of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and ash, regardless of the torrefaction method. Furthermore, the biogas yield of the liquid condensate, obtained from the cooling of superheated steam used in the torrefaction process, was evaluated. The results highlight the efficiency of fluidized bed torrefaction, as well as the performance of superheated steam as a fluidization medium.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafail Isemin & Alexander Mikhalev & Oleg Milovanov & Dmitry Klimov & Vadim Kokh-Tatarenko & Mathieu Brulé & Fouzi Tabet & Artemy Nebyvaev & Sergey Kuzmin & Valentin Konyakhin, 2022. "Comparison of Characteristics of Poultry Litter Pellets Obtained by the Processes of Dry and Wet Torrefaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:6:p:2153-:d:771868
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Izabella Maj, 2022. "Significance and Challenges of Poultry Litter and Cattle Manure as Sustainable Fuels: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Rafail Isemin & Alexander Mikhalev & Oleg Milovanov & Artemy Nebyvaev, 2022. "Some Results of Poultry Litter Processing into a Fertilizer by the Wet Torrefaction Method in a Fluidized Bed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Antonios Nazos & Dorothea Politi & Georgios Giakoumakis & Dimitrios Sidiras, 2022. "Simulation and Optimization of Lignocellulosic Biomass Wet- and Dry-Torrefaction Process for Energy, Fuels and Materials Production: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-35, November.
    4. Rafail Isemin & Fouzi Tabet & Artemy Nebyvaev & Vadim Kokh-Tatarenko & Sergey Kuzmin & Oleg Milovanov & Dmitry Klimov & Alexander Mikhalev & Semen Dobkin & Yuri Zhulaev, 2022. "Prediction of the Behavior of Sunflower Husk Ash after Its Processing by Various Torrefaction Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-14, October.

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