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State-of-the-Art in the Use of Renewable Energy Sources on the Example of Wind, Wave Energy, Tidal Energy, and Energy Harvesting: A Review from 2015 to 2024

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  • Jacek Lukasz Wilk-Jakubowski

    (Department of Information Systems, Kielce University of Technology, 7 Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego Ave., 25-314 Kielce, Poland
    Institute of Crisis Management and Computer Modelling, 28-100 Busko-Zdrój, Poland)

  • Lukasz Pawlik

    (Department of Information Systems, Kielce University of Technology, 7 Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego Ave., 25-314 Kielce, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Wilk-Jakubowski

    (Institute of Crisis Management and Computer Modelling, 28-100 Busko-Zdrój, Poland
    Institute of Internal Security, Old Polish University of Applied Sciences, 49 Ponurego Piwnika Str., 25-666 Kielce, Poland)

  • Radoslaw Harabin

    (Institute of Crisis Management and Computer Modelling, 28-100 Busko-Zdrój, Poland
    Institute of Internal Security, Old Polish University of Applied Sciences, 49 Ponurego Piwnika Str., 25-666 Kielce, Poland)

Abstract

Today, there is a marked increase in interest in the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix, which benefits the environment. This also applies to the energy of sea (wave) current, as, without a doubt, the offshore area is becoming one of the leading areas of renewable energy, which translates into changes in energy production. This can be exemplified by the latest research in the context of theory, design, modeling, as well as application, control, and monitoring of wave turbines to enhance their performance. This article reviews the research in this context, systematizes information, identifies literature gaps, and presents future directions in this area. For this purpose, 3240 English-language publications from 2015 to 2024 were identified in the Scopus database. The data are analyzed according to the selected research domains. Some of them are review or conceptual in nature, while others are empirical in nature (experimental attempts and case studies). From this point of view, it becomes possible not only to systematize the state-of-the-art but also to identify future research prospects.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacek Lukasz Wilk-Jakubowski & Lukasz Pawlik & Grzegorz Wilk-Jakubowski & Radoslaw Harabin, 2025. "State-of-the-Art in the Use of Renewable Energy Sources on the Example of Wind, Wave Energy, Tidal Energy, and Energy Harvesting: A Review from 2015 to 2024," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-26, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:6:p:1356-:d:1608914
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    References listed on IDEAS

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