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Three-Dimensional CFD Analysis of a Hot Water Storage Tank with Various Inlet/Outlet Configurations

Author

Listed:
  • Alina Abdidin

    (Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
    Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, F-54000 Nancy, France)

  • Abzal Seitov

    (Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Amankeldy Toleukhanov

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan)

  • Yerzhan Belyayev

    (Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan)

  • Olivier Botella

    (Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, F-54000 Nancy, France)

  • Abdelhamid Kheiri

    (Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, F-54000 Nancy, France)

  • Mohammed Khalij

    (Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LEMTA, F-54000 Nancy, France)

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive 3D numerical analysis of thermal stratification, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer efficiency across six hot water storage tank configurations, identified as Tank-1 through Tank-6. The objective is to determine the most effective design for achieving uniform temperature distribution, stable stratification, and efficient heat retention in sensible heat storage systems, with potential for integration with phase change materials (PCMs). Using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6, simulations were conducted to evaluate key performance indicators, including the Richardson number, capacity ratio, and exergy efficiency. Among the tanks, Tank-1 demonstrated the highest efficiency, with a capacity ratio of 84.6% and an exergy efficiency of 72.5%, while Tank-3, which achieved a capacity ratio of 70.2% and exergy efficiency of 50.5%, was identified as the most practical for real-world applications due to its balanced heat distribution and feasibility for PCM integration. Calculated dimensionless numbers (Reynolds number: 635, Prandtl number: 4.5, and Peclet number: 2858) indicated laminar flow and dominant convective heat transfer across all the configurations. These findings provide valuable insights into the design of efficient thermal storage systems, with Tank-3’s configuration offering a practical balance of thermal performance and operational feasibility. Future work will explore the inclusion of PCM containers within Tank-3, as well as applications for heat pump and solar water heaters, and high-temperature heat storage with various working fluids.

Suggested Citation

  • Alina Abdidin & Abzal Seitov & Amankeldy Toleukhanov & Yerzhan Belyayev & Olivier Botella & Abdelhamid Kheiri & Mohammed Khalij, 2024. "Three-Dimensional CFD Analysis of a Hot Water Storage Tank with Various Inlet/Outlet Configurations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:22:p:5716-:d:1521673
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Gang & Zheng, Xuefei, 2016. "Thermal energy storage system integration forms for a sustainable future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 736-757.
    2. Li, Gang, 2016. "Sensible heat thermal storage energy and exergy performance evaluations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 897-923.
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