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A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems

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  • Wanruo Lou

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes (LTeN), UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Lingai Luo

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes (LTeN), UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Yuchao Hua

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes (LTeN), UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Yilin Fan

    (Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Thermique et Énergie de Nantes (LTeN), UMR6607, F-44000 Nantes, France)

  • Zhenyu Du

    (College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China)

Abstract

Thermal energy storage (TES) system plays an essential role in the utilization and exploitation of renewable energy sources. Over the last two decades, single-tank thermocline technology has received much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness compared to the conventional two-tank storage systems. The present paper focuses on clarifying the performance indicators and the effects of different influencing factors for the thermocline TES systems. We collect the various performance indicators used in the existing literature, and classify them into three categories: (1) ones directly reflecting the quantity or quality of the stored thermal energy; (2) ones describing the thermal stratification level of the hot and cold regions; (3) ones characterizing the thermo-hydrodynamic features within the thermocline tanks. The detailed analyses on these three categories of indicators are conducted. Moreover, the relevant influencing factors, including injecting flow rate of heat transfer fluid, working temperature, flow distributor, and inlet/outlet location, are discussed systematically. The comprehensive summary, detailed analyses and comparison provided by this work will be an important reference for the future study of thermocline TES systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Wanruo Lou & Lingai Luo & Yuchao Hua & Yilin Fan & Zhenyu Du, 2021. "A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:24:p:8384-:d:700929
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    3. Walmsley, Timothy Gordon & Philipp, Matthias & Picón-Núñez, Martín & Meschede, Henning & Taylor, Matthew Thomas & Schlosser, Florian & Atkins, Martin John, 2023. "Hybrid renewable energy utility systems for industrial sites: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    4. Xiang, Yutong & Gao, Meng & Furbo, Simon & Fan, Jianhua & Wang, Gang & Tian, Zhiyong & Wang, Dengjia, 2023. "Assessment of inlet mixing during charge and discharge of a large-scale water pit heat storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).

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