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Heat Transfer Performance Factors in a Vertical Ground Heat Exchanger for a Geothermal Heat Pump System

Author

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  • Khaled Salhein

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48306, USA
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electronic Technology, Tripoli 20299, Libya
    Department of Communications, College of Electronic Technology, Bani Walid 38645, Libya)

  • C. J. Kobus

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48306, USA)

  • Mohamed Zohdy

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48306, USA)

  • Ahmed M. Annekaa

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electronic Technology, Tripoli 20299, Libya)

  • Edrees Yahya Alhawsawi

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48306, USA
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah 21478, Saudi Arabia)

  • Sabriya Alghennai Salheen

    (Department of Communications, College of Electronic Technology, Bani Walid 38645, Libya)

Abstract

Ground heat pump systems (GHPSs) are esteemed for their high efficiency within renewable energy technologies, providing effective solutions for heating and cooling requirements. These GHPSs operate by utilizing the relatively constant temperature of the Earth’s subsurface as a thermal source or sink. This feature allows them to perform greater energy transfer than traditional heating and cooling systems (i.e., heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)). The GHPSs represent a sustainable and cost-effective temperature-regulating solution in diverse applications. The ground heat exchanger (GHE) technology is well known, with extensive research and development conducted in recent decades significantly advancing its applications. Improving GHE performance factors is vital for enhancing heat transfer efficiency and overall GHPS performance. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of research on various factors affecting GHE performance, such as soil thermal properties, backfill material properties, borehole depth, spacing, U-tube pipe properties, and heat carrier fluid type and velocity. It also discusses their impact on heat transfer efficiency and proposes optimal solutions for improving GHE performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Khaled Salhein & C. J. Kobus & Mohamed Zohdy & Ahmed M. Annekaa & Edrees Yahya Alhawsawi & Sabriya Alghennai Salheen, 2024. "Heat Transfer Performance Factors in a Vertical Ground Heat Exchanger for a Geothermal Heat Pump System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-28, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:19:p:5003-:d:1494114
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    4. Jun, Liu & Xu, Zhang & Jun, Gao & Jie, Yang, 2009. "Evaluation of heat exchange rate of GHE in geothermal heat pump systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2898-2904.
    5. Lee, Chulho & Park, Moonseo & Nguyen, The-Bao & Sohn, Byonghu & Choi, Jong Min & Choi, Hangseok, 2012. "Performance evaluation of closed-loop vertical ground heat exchangers by conducting in-situ thermal response tests," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 77-83.
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