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Hydrogen Refueling Stations: A Review of the Technology Involved from Key Energy Consumption Processes to Related Energy Management Strategies

Author

Listed:
  • Rafael Pereira

    (Centro ALGORITMI/LASI, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
    Petrotec, 4805-661 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Vitor Monteiro

    (Centro ALGORITMI/LASI, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Joao L. Afonso

    (Centro ALGORITMI/LASI, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal)

  • Joni Teixeira

    (Petrotec, 4805-661 Guimarães, Portugal)

Abstract

Over the last few years, hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution for problems related to energy sources and pollution concerns. The integration of hydrogen in the transport sector is one of the possible various applications and involves the implementation of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs). A key obstacle for HRS deployment, in addition to the need for well-developed technologies, is the economic factor since these infrastructures require high capital investments costs and are largely dependent on annual operating costs. In this study, we review hydrogen’s application as a fuel, summarizing the principal systems involved in HRS, from production to the final refueling stage. In addition, we also analyze the main equipment involved in the production, compression and storage processes of hydrogen. The current work also highlights the main refueling processes that impact energy consumption and the methodologies presented in the literature for energy management strategies in HRSs. With the aim of reducing energy costs due to processes that require high energy consumption, most energy management strategies are based on the use of renewable energy sources, in addition to the use of the power grid.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Pereira & Vitor Monteiro & Joao L. Afonso & Joni Teixeira, 2024. "Hydrogen Refueling Stations: A Review of the Technology Involved from Key Energy Consumption Processes to Related Energy Management Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:19:p:4906-:d:1489709
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Roberta Caponi & Enrico Bocci & Luca Del Zotto, 2022. "Techno-Economic Model for Scaling Up of Hydrogen Refueling Stations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Zhang, Tongtong & Uratani, Joao & Huang, Yixuan & Xu, Lejin & Griffiths, Steve & Ding, Yulong, 2023. "Hydrogen liquefaction and storage: Recent progress and perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    3. Sdanghi, G. & Maranzana, G. & Celzard, A. & Fierro, V., 2019. "Review of the current technologies and performances of hydrogen compression for stationary and automotive applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 150-170.
    4. Hyun Kyu Shin & Sung Kyu Ha, 2023. "A Review on the Cost Analysis of Hydrogen Gas Storage Tanks for Fuel Cell Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-36, July.
    5. Aiman Albatayneh & Adel Juaidi & Mustafa Jaradat & Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro, 2023. "Future of Electric and Hydrogen Cars and Trucks: An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-16, April.
    6. Lifei Song & Weijun Gao & Liting Zhang & Qifen Li & Hongbo Ren, 2023. "Economic Analysis of a Photovoltaic Hydrogen Refueling Station Based on Hydrogen Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, September.
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